估算有機栽培食用玉米不同部位的氮累積量

施用的肥料如無法被作物吸收，可能進入環境之中形成污染問題，過多之養分更可能累積在作物可食用部位中危害食用者的健康，透過瞭解作物對養分的需求量，可降低肥料的施用量，並避免發生上述問題。本研究探討有機質肥料施用量對兩品種食用玉米不同部位中氮累積及生長表現之影響，期能藉由估算其不同部位累積之氮質量，瞭解有機栽培食用玉米對氮的需求。研究結果顯示，土壤中的全氮含量會隨著有機質肥料施用量之增加而增加，兩種食用玉米不同部位累積的氮質量皆呈現果實＞莖、根＞葉之趨勢，且整株食用玉米中約有78~90%的氮質量累積在果實之中。以本試驗的種植密度並考慮食用玉米累積的氮質量，不同有機質肥料施用量下兩種食用玉米所移除的氮將達15~28kgha^(-1)，推測施用200kgha^(-1)的有機質肥料礦化後所釋放的氮已足夠供給食用玉米生長所需，且可讓食用玉米果實的鮮重增加23~85%。

關鍵字

食用玉米；礦化作用；氮；有機質肥料

並列摘要

Excess fertilizers after agricultural application will enter soil or groundwater and thus produce negative effects on the surrounding environment. The edible parts of crop will also accumulate high concentrations of nutrients and affect the health of animals through consumption. Foregoing problems could be alleviated through understanding the nutritional requirement of crops and then applying fertilizers rationally. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of organic fertilizers on the growth and nitrogen accumulation of two species of organically growing corns. Experimental results show that the contents of total nitrogen in soils increased with the increasing amounts of applied organic fertilizers. Approximately 78-90% of the nitrogen uptake by two corns was accumulated in the fruits, followed by stem / root and leaf was the least (less than 4%). When considering the planting density and the experimental results of this study, corn removed 15-28 kg ha-1 of nitrogen from soils under different treatments. The mineralized nitrogen after the application of 200 kg ha-1 of organic fertilizers is supposed to be sufficient for the growth of two corns and the fresh weights of fruit enhanced 23-85% compared with control.

並列關鍵字

edible corn ； mineralization ； nitrogen ； organic fertilizer

國際替代計量

估算有機栽培食用玉米不同部位的氮累積量

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