從生態旅遊觀點建構野柳地質公園永續發展指標之研究

Developing Sustainable Development Indicators of the Yehliu Geopark of Taiwan from an Ecotourism Perspective

林裕強(Yu-Chiang Lin) ； 林雪美(Hsueh-Mei Lin)

《環境與世界》 22期 (2010/12) Pp. 1-33

https://doi.org/10.6304/EAW.2010.22.1

摘要

沒有實際可行的評估方法，永續發展恐淪為一個口號。永續發展是地質公園的努力方向，但國內外如野柳地質公園等敏感性地質地形景點，尚缺乏實際永續指標系統等工具來輔助管理、監測各項衝擊。因此本文以理念相似但發展較為成熟的生態旅遊相關指標為基礎，補強人為壓力對地景的影響等環境向度，來建構野柳地質公園指標系統。評估程序包含建構指標、實地評估、結果／調整三個階段，利用德爾菲法確立指標項目及透過層級分析法配適權重，建立包含資源與觀光的關係、觀光與社區的關係、及社區與資源的關係等共3個子系統、13個評估構面及61項指標之層級評估系統。實地評估則透過專家及資源管理單位、居民、遊客等權益關係人進行，並以變形蟲圖像模型(AMOEBA of tourism sustainability indicators, ATSI)呈現野柳所需解決的永續發展議題。本研究成果提供一套適當的管理工具，供野柳及相關地質地形景點永續規劃上之參考。

關鍵字

地質公園 ； 生態旅遊 ； 德爾菲法 ； 層級分析法 ； 變形蟲圖像模型

並列摘要

Without a practical approach, the term 'sustainable development' is likely to become a 'slogan'. Although sustainable development is an important strategy of Geopark management, we still lack of feasible tools to monitor and manage the impacts of vulnerable geological landscape areas, such as the Yehliu Geopark of Taiwan. Based on the concept of ecotourism sustainable development indicators, we used Delphi technique to identify evaluation indicators for the geopark, and used Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to decide the weights of indicators. With respect to the sustainable concern of this geopark, we set weathering rates of the rock surface to be parts of the indicator system. Results show a hierarchical system including 3 subsystems, 13 dimensions, and 61indicators. Stakeholders were interviewed to evaluate the sustainability of Yehliu Geopark. The AMOEBA of tourism sustainability indicators (ATSI) model is utilized to illustrate individual levels of the sustainability of tourism indicators. The study provides a valuable tool for sustainable destination management, and the evaluation variables which can be applied to other destinations.

並列關鍵字

Geopark ； Ecotourism ； Delphi ； AHP ； AMOEBA of tourism sustainability indicators ATSI