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The Recent Advances of Polymerase Chain Reactions in the Study of Molecular Bio-medical Sciences

多聚酶鏈反應用於分子生物醫學科學研究之新近發展

摘要


多聚酶鏈反應自十多年前發明以來,的確使分子生物醫學的研究方便許多,最近幾年的多次改良使其對DNA突變的研究範圍更為寬廣。而反轉錄多聚酶鏈反應的發展更使其研究範圍踏入RNA的領域。尤其是其對單一分子的分析能力,對於單一精子的分析能力、著床前診斷、母血中胎兒細胞的研究、一些粒線體疾患的研究、一些感染症的研究,以及白血病、淋巴瘤治療法殘留惡性腫瘤細胞的研究發揮了相當的功能,但是生物醫學家對其使用的極限以及因其高靈敏度所帶來的可能污染仍宜隨時保持警。

並列摘要


Since the introduction of the polymerase chain reaction, nearly all the molecular biomedical scientists around the world take advantage of it nearly everyday. Recent advances include the further development of single-stranded conformational polymorphisms, the conjunction of the "Pyrococcus furiosus" DNA polymerase to amplify its fidelity, the use of the different fluorescence-labeled primers to make bands visible by UV-transillumination, and the use of a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction extending its field beyond the study of RNA. Nowadays, the capability of studying a single target molecule allows technology to be applied to single sperm typing, pre-implantation diagnoses, fetal cell analysis within maternal circulation, detecting circulating cancer cells, diagnosis of mitochondrial disorders, study of infectious diseases and the detection of residual diseases after treatment of leukemia and lymphoma.

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