Effects of Workplace Conditions on Taiwanese Workers' Quality of Life

工作環境特性對台灣地區勞工生活品質之影響

梁文敏(Wen-Miin Liang) ； 郭憲文(Hsien-Wen Kuo)

《Mid-Taiwan Journal of Medicine》 7卷4期 (2002/12) Pp. 206-214

https://doi.org/10.6558/MTJM.2002.7(4).2

摘要

背景：近二十年台灣地區工業化快速地發展，導致工作環境有劇烈之改變，同時這種改變有相當程度會影響勞工之生活品質，而導致勞工在職場適應性及功能之不良影響。 因此，本研究之目的在評估工作環境之條件對工人生活品質之影響。
方法：利用等機率抽樣方式，從勞保局7,597,386 勞工檔安中隨機抽出1,726代表性勞工。此樣本之人口基本特性與母群體十分相似。勞工生活品質之測量是利用世界衛生組織發展之量表翻譯成中文版。
結果：一般勞工在職場最關心的事物前三項為：個人前途發展、工作負荷及特性、薪資及福利。而最常面對這些壓力之方法包括：睡覺、運動及向同事抱怨居多。經多變項迴歸分析得知影響工人生活品質之因素包括：性別、職場危害之數目、壓力及焦慮程度及對工作場所安全及衛生滿意度。
結論：影響工人生活品質之工作環境因素包括職場危害之數目、壓力及焦慮程度及對工作場所安全及衛生滿意度。作者建議勞工應教導注意職場之安全狀況，同時業者亦應儘量改進工人之生活品質及其工作環境。

關鍵字

生活品質,工人,工作環境

並列摘要

Background: Rapid industrialization in Taiwan over the past 20 years has resulted in many changes in the workplace and has had a considerable affect on the quality of life (QOL) of Taiwan's workers. QOL has a profound effect on workers' ability to adapt and function in the workplace. The objective of this study was to evaluate workers' QOL with regard to conditions in the workplace.
Methods: We selected 1,726 workers from the Labor Insurance Bureau's registry (7,597,386 Taiwanese workers) using proportional probability sampling, and interviewed them with a structured questionnaire. The demographic profiles of the workers in this study were very similar to those of the general worker population in Taiwan. The QOL of workers was determined using the modified World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) questionnaire-Taiwanese version.
Results: Workers were most concerned about the following: career promotion, workload and nature of the work, salary, and benefits. The most frequently reported methods of coping with stress were sleeping, exercising and complaining to colleagues. After adjusting for age, gender and occupation using multiple regression analysis, the number of perceived hazards in the workplace, stress and anxiety, and satisfaction with safety and health conditions all had significant effects on workers' QOL.
Conclusions: Workplace conditions (such as perceived number of hazards in the workplace, safety and health conditions, stress and anxiety) were significantly correlated to workers' QOL. The authors recommend that workers be educated to care about the safety conditions in the workplace and that companies try to improve workers', QOL and their working environment.

並列關鍵字

quality of life,Taiwanese workers,workplace conditions