安格氏三級異常咬合兒童中臉部與下顎形態之研究

Morphology of the Midfacial Complex and Mandible in Children with Angle Class III Malocclusion

周思婷(Szu-Ting Chou) ； 張宏博(Hong-Po Chang)

《中華民國齒顎矯正學雜誌》 15卷4期 (2003/12) Pp. 12-18

摘要

本研究之目的，針對國人安格氏三級異常咬合兒童之顏面骨骼形態，以測顱分析法，研究其與正常咬合者之中臉部複合體和下顎的形態差異。採用台灣三級異常咬合兒童（未受矯正治療）（年齡為9歲5個月到11歲8個月）共70位；與性別、年齡相符之正常咬合兒童共70位做對照，使用測顱分析法探討兩組差異處。經由統計分析發現，中臉部複合體與下顎形態在統計上分別有顯著差異。由本研究結果可知，三級異常咬合兒童有縮短的後下中臉部及縮小的前中臉部（女孩）；而下顎有過度前後方向的生長、髁頭區向下壓縮和反時針（向前）旋轉的生長傾向；下顎頦區有向前的水平擴張。這些因素使三級異常咬合兒童呈現中臉部顎後縮和下顎骨前突的外觀輪廓。

關鍵字

三級異常咬合 ； 中臉部複合體 ； 下顎 ； 測顱分析法

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the morphometric differences of the midfacial complex and mandible between normal occlusion and Angle Class “I malocclusion in Taiwanese children by the use of cephalometric analysis. A total of 140 lateral cephalographs of children with either a normal occlusion or an Angle Class III malocclusion were compared. Each group included equal numbers of age- and sex-matched samples. The cephalographs were traced and checked, and ten landmarks on the midfacial complex and twelve landmarks on the mandible were identified and digitized. The datasets were subjected to statistical analyses. These tests indicated significant differences between average normal occlusion and Class III midfacial and mandibular configurations. It is concluded that, in this study, Class III children had shortened posterior-inferior midfacial length, compressed anterior midfacial complex (in girls group), overdeveloped anterior-posterior mandibular growth, downward compression of the condyle and anterior (counterclockwise) growth rotation of the mandible, and prominent extension of the mental area, lead to the appearance of a retrognathic midfacial and prognathic mandibular profile.

並列關鍵字

Class III malocclusion ； Midfacial complex ； Mandible ； Cephalometric analysis