第二型糖尿病病人牙周健康狀況與血糖控制之相關性探討

The Association between Periodontal Condition and Blood Sugar Control in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

王貝婷(Pei-Ting Wang) ； 謝明家(Ming-Chia Hsieh) ； 洪信嘉(Hsin-Chia Hung) ； 何坤炎(Kun-Yen Ho) ； 蔡吉政(Chi-Cheng Tsai)

《Taiwan Journal of Oral Medicine Sciences》 24卷1期 (2008/04) Pp. 23-35

https://doi.org/10.7059/TJOMS.200804.0023

摘要

流行病學已顯示糖尿病為牙周病的高危險群，牙周病被認為是糖尿病的第六個併發症。目標：本研究將評估第二型糖尿病患的牙周健康狀況，探討血糖控制及相關因子和牙周炎之間的關係。方法：本研究採橫斷式研究，針對234名第二型糖尿病患者，進行相關資料收集，包括問卷、病歷資料及口腔檢查資料（社區牙周指數及牙菌斑指數）。結果：172人(73.50%)有牙周炎(CPI≧3)情形。變異數分析發現:清潔牙縫習慣及血糖控制狀況與牙周炎有顯著性差異(p=0.0237，p=0.0302)。邏輯式迴歸分析發現:牙周炎和抽菸(OR=2.53，95% CI 1.09-6.21，p=0.0345)及HbA1c≧8.0%(OR=2.19，95% CI 1.05-4.73，p=0.0345)有顯著性相關；有嚼食檳榔習慣則是高牙菌斑指數的重要因子(OR=3.16，95% CI 1.17-9.64，p=0.0300)。結論：第二型糖尿病患者的牙周炎盛行率很高(73.50%)，而血糖的控制好壞與牙周的健康狀態是有相關的；應藉由牙科和糖尿病專業照護人員共同合作，提供正確的口腔衛生知識及治療，以促進其口腔健康。

關鍵字

糖尿病 ； 牙周病 ； 社區牙周指數

並列摘要

Epidemiological studies have shown that diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for periodontitis, and periodontitis has been regarded as the sixth complication for periodontitis. Object: The purposes of the present study were to evaluate the periodontal conditions of type 2 diabetes patients and to elucidate the relationships among glycemic control, other related factors and periodontitis. Methods: Two hundred and thirty four type 2 diabetes patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Data such as questionnaires, patients' medical histories, and the results of oral examination including Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and plaque index were collected. Results: One hundred and seventy two patients (73.50%) were diagnosed with periodontitis (CPI≧3). Variety analysis revealed significant differences between interdental cleaning habits (p=0.0237) and the status of glycemic control (p=0.0302) in the CPI＜3 (non-periodontitis) and CPI≧3 (periodontitis) group. Logistic regression analysis showed statistically significant correlations between periodontitis and smoking (OR=2.19, 95%CI 1.09-6.21, p=0.0345) and HbA1c≧8% (OR=2.19, 95%CI 1.05-4.73, p=0.0345). The habit of betel nut chewing was an important factor for the high score of plaque index (OR=3.16, 95%CI 1.17-9.64, p=0.0300). Conclusions: The prevalence of periodontitis was high (75%) in type 2 diabetes patients. The status of glycemic control is correlated with periodontal conditions. Dental and diabetes professionals should work together to provide accurate knowledge and treatments for oral problems so as to improve patients' oral health.

並列關鍵字

Diabetes mellitus ； Periodontal disease ； Community Periodontal Index