洋香瓜、甘藍及番茄穴盤育苗葉面施肥試驗

穴盤育苗移植可有效的提高產品品質，為重要生產技術。配合自動化生產模式，葉面施肥在作物利用效率高，且利用灌溉設施一併噴灑施肥更可減少人力。為暸解葉面施肥之效果，本試驗採葉面施肥進行穴盤育苗的肥培管理，並以洋香瓜、番茄及甘藍等作物作為研究對象。實驗針對洋香瓜、甘藍、番茄以氮肥（N）、鉀（K）及氮+鉀肥（N+K）三種配方之大量元素，及一組對照組（CK），分別以0.5%、1.0%及1.5%三種濃度進行比較，觀察苗長、苗重、葉數，以作為日後生產穴盤苗時施用肥料之依據。洋香瓜氮肥試驗結果，施氮肥可促使苗重、苗長及葉數增加。鉀肥則高濃度效果差，尤其在葉數方面更為明顯。氮+鉀肥混合施用時效果較單施一種肥料為差，故氮及鉀肥不能共同施用於洋香瓜幼苗期。甘藍試驗得知，單施氮肥會增加苗重、苗長及葉數，但並未較不施氮+鉀肥者來的多，單施鉀肥無增加的效果。施高濃度氮+鉀肥雖會增加葉數，但效果較差。，氮+鉀肥一同施用時則可大大增加苗重、苗長及葉數，與洋香瓜試驗結果相反。番茄單施氮肥及共同施用氮+鉀肥可促進番茄穴盤苗生育，增加苗重、苗長及葉數，施鉀肥無顯著效果。故氮+鉀肥因作物種類不同有不同的需求，有些單施氮肥或鉀肥有增加效果，但共同施用效果差。

關鍵字

洋香瓜；甘藍；番茄；穴盤育苗；葉面施肥

並列摘要

The plug-seedling and transplanting became technologies in crop qualities improvement. Foliar fertilizations were improved to promote fertilizer absorption of plant in automatic producing processes. The irrigation equipment could spread liquid fertilizers to reduce labor requirement. To understand the effect of individual folia fertilization, our researches were focused on muskmelon cabbage and tomato. In this experiment of folia fertilizers include macro elements of N, K and N+K solutions using normal fertilizers as check. The concentrations of fertilizer solutions were 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%. The performances of seedling were evaluated by seedling length, seedling weight and leaf number at seedling transplanting stage. The results of muskmelon showed that higher nitrogen concentration and fewer spreading times is better than lower concentration, more times. Nitrogen promoted seedling weight, seedling length and leaf numbers. The effects of high potassium concentrations had negative inferences, especially on the leaf numbers. The mixed nitrogen with potassium had worst effects of all. Our conclusions shows that nitrogen and potassium should not fertilize at the same time in these crops. The researches of cabbage seedling shows that high nitrogen and potassium fertilizers had more leafs, although this effect is not appear in muskmelon. Nitrogen and potassium didn't have significant effects when sprayed separately. The growths of seedling weight, seedling length and leaf number were promoted greatly when treated with nitrogen .and potassium combined. Nitrogen used alone or combined with potassium could promote seedling weight, seedling length and leaf number of tomato. The results didn't have significant effects when potassium were sprayed alone. We concluded that both nitrogen and potassium had positive effects. but the performances were less than sprayed separately. The requirements of nitrogen and potassium were different among crops. Some of them had better effects when used N. P, N + P fertilizer separately then combined spraying.

並列關鍵字

Muskmelon ； Cabbage ； Tomato ； Plug-system ； Foliar fertilization

國際替代計量

洋香瓜、甘藍及番茄穴盤育苗葉面施肥試驗

全文下載

主題瀏覽