職業桌球新趨勢：日本T聯盟

A New Trend for Professional Table Tennis: T.League in Japan

張碩文(Shuo-Wen Chang) ； 陳耀宏(Yao-Hung Chen) ； 內藤久士(Hisashi Naito)

《大專體育》 155期 (2020/12) Pp. 14-23

https://doi.org/10.6162/SRR.202012_(155).0002

摘要

日本為了於2020年東京奧林匹克運動會（簡稱奧運）桌球項目能爭取更優異的成績，以及為了讓日本桌球選手能夠藉由桌球作為職業而生活，於2018年10月24日正式推動桌球「T聯盟」之賽事。本文以文獻分析法探討T聯盟的發展，進而分析其賽事規則，以及比較現今亞洲唯一的職業聯賽中國乒乓球超級聯賽之差異。分析結果顯示：一、T聯盟的發起人為前日本國家隊的桌球選手松下浩二所設立，並耗時8年（2010～2017年）才建立而成，其T聯盟最終構想為希望將現存在日本所有的桌球聯盟之間的隔閡打破，建立新的體制。二、T聯盟的比賽制度不同於現行的奧運賽制，獨特的賽事規則（4人4分制：1雙3單），提高了比賽的緊湊性與可看性，也增加了另一種欣賞桌球的方式。三、中國乒乓球超級聯賽的競賽規程接近於奧運賽制（3人5分制），而T聯盟的制度能讓更多外籍選手參賽進而接觸與學習多元的球路以提升桌球技術。本文建議因T聯盟發展僅2年，各領域的文獻仍較不足，如T聯盟所帶來的實際效益、各球隊經營方式、吸引球迷觀賽方式等，皆是未來值得分析與調查。也希望藉由本文讓桌球運動愛好者更瞭解T聯盟，以及期待臺灣年輕優秀選手們能將加入T聯盟作為一個職業選擇。

關鍵字

奧林匹克運動會 ； 中國乒乓球超級聯賽 ； 4人4分制 ； 3人5分制

並列摘要

As Japan desires better results at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games, the T.League has been established as a sports business model for athletes to make a living from table tennis. Its opening game was held on October 24, 2018. In this paper, we use the document analysis method to search for the development competition format and rules of the T.League in Japan and compare them with those of the China Table Tennis Super League, the only professional league in Asia at present. The results show that: (1) The league was founded by Koji Matsushita, a former Japanese national team player, and created over an 8 year period, 2010~2017. (2) The unique rules of the T.League (4 matches for 4 players: 1 double and 3 singles) heighten the tension and drama and provide spectators a novel viewing experience. (3) The rules of the China Table Tennis Super League are similar to those of table tennis in the Olympics (5 matches for 3 players). Meanwhile, the rules of the T.League allow many foreign players to participate. Participating players can learn multiple skills and improve their table tennis skills. Since the T.League was developed only 2 years ago, there is still a lack of research in related areas, such as the league's sports business value, teams' management policies, and how the number of spectators can be increased. We hope this paper helps table tennis fans better understand the T.League, and that talented young players within the country will adopt T.League competition as a profession.

並列關鍵字

Olympic Games ； China Table Tennis Super League ； 4 matches for 4 players ； 5 matches for 3 players

參考文獻

International Table Tennis Federation. (n.d.). ITTF world ranking. Retrieved from https://ranking.ittf.com/#/rankings/list/SEN/M;SINGLES/2020/10w

中國乒乓球協會（2016）。2016 年中國乒乓球俱樂部超級聯賽競賽規程。資料引自 https://www.ctta.cn/xhgg/ssxg/2016/0729/104214.html[Chinese Table Tennis Association. (2016). 2016 China Table Tennis Super League competition rules. Retrieved form https://www.ctta.cn/xhgg/ssxg/2016/0729/104214.html]

中華民國桌球協會（2019）。中華民國桌球規則。臺北市：作者。[Chinese Taipei Table Tennis Association. (2019). Chinese Taipei table tennis rules. Taipei, Taiwan: Author.]

吳俊鴻（2013）。青少年桌球國手升學管道選擇與職涯發展之研究（未出版之碩士論文，臺南市，嘉南藥理科技大學休閒事業管理研究所）。[Wu, C.-H. (2013). A research to explore the education advancement path and career development for the youth table tennis national players (Unpublished master’s thesis, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy & Science, Tainan, Taiwan).]

Rallys（2017，8 月 4 日）。【連載コラム】実況・Tリーグ設立への道＃ 1。資料引自 https://rallys.online/pickup/tleague1[Rallys. (2017, August 4). [Serial column] The road to establishment of the T.League #1. Retrieved from https://rallys.online/pickup/tleague1]