從社會懈怠觀點探究運動自信心在不同情境對桌球正手拉球的影響

學校體育為培育學生運動員重要的搖籃，而運動自信心與精熟的技術在不同的訓練與競賽情境中產生的落差，則是教練必需隨時觀察的一個重點。因此，本研究目的在探討不同運動自信心程度在不同情境下對戰不同實力桌球選手正手拉球的影響。以5所高中男子桌球隊50位球員為實驗對象，完成運動自信心量表後，區分高自信心組（n=25）及低自信心組（n=25）。再運用多功能桌球智能發球機進行個人測驗，及對戰3組不同實力團體，計算4次的1分鐘桌球兩點正手拉球之進球率，分析高低運動自信心組與對戰不同實力選手之變化。研究結果發現高低運動自信心組面對不同情境下，皆有不同的桌球正手拉球。值得注意的是在面對實力低的情境下，高運動自信心組卻顯著低於低運動自信心組，這顯示高運動自信心組在心態上可能產生了社會懈怠現象。本研究結論認為根據此結果發現，不同的運動自信心程度會因對戰不同實力球員時，產生社會懈怠現象與之交互干擾，而對桌球正手拉球有所影響。

關鍵字

學生運動員；競賽情境；個人情境；團隊情境

並列摘要

School physical education is an important wellspring for cultivating student-athletes, and the gap between sport-confidence and proficiency in different training and competition situations is a key point that coaches must monitor diligently. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of different levels of sport-confidence on the execution of a forehand drive for different table tennis players in different competitive formats. Fifty players from five high school men's table tennis teams were taken as the experimental subjects. After completing a sport-confidence scale, they were divided into high self-confidence group (n = 25) and low self-confidence group (n = 25). Then used the multi-functional table tennis smart tutor to conduct individual tests, and competed against 3 groups of different strengths, calculated the scoring rate of 4 times of one-minute, two-point forehand drive, and analyzed the changes in high and low sport-confidence groups and against players of different strengths. The results found that the high and low-sport-confidence groups had different forehand drives in different formats. Notably, the high-sport-confidence group had a significantly lower performance than the low-sport-confidence group under the low-strength situation, indicating the possible presence of social loafing. In conclusion, based on the results, this study found that different levels of sport-confidence were associated with different performances on the forehand drive due to interaction with players of different strengths, as different situations produced social loafing.

並列關鍵字

student-athlete ； competition situation ； individual situation ； team situation

參考文獻

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