固定式節奏訓練對射箭表現之影響

射箭選手的一致性、穩定性、瞄準時間均會影響運動表現，選手必須透過專業訓練，提升技術水準，可知「動作學習」對於選手的重要性。由於2021年國際射箭總會將射箭時間40秒縮短為30秒，因此，本研究融入影響射箭表現之要素，設計「固定式節奏訓練」，目的在探討固定式節奏訓練對瞄準時間與射箭表現之影響。研究招募10位大專射箭選手（實驗組5名、控制組5名），實驗組介入8週固定式節奏課程，控制組則維持例行性訓練。本研究蒐集前測、中測、後測、保留測之瞄準時間與射箭表現數據。結果顯示：1.瞄準時間與射箭表現呈現顯著負相關。2.實驗組之高分族群於前測、保留測之瞄準時間顯著快於低分族群，控制組於各時間點之高分族群瞄準時間顯著快於低分族群。3.實驗組之射箭表現顯著優於控制組，且進一步發現實驗組於中、後、保留測之射箭表現顯著優於控制組，而於實驗組中，後測顯著優於前測。另於瞄準時間上發現，實驗組之後測瞄準時間快於前測、中測、保留測，而保留測顯著快於前測。本研究結論認為固定式節奏訓練介入後，實驗組之射箭表現顯著提升，可能與降低瞄準時間有關，意即透過「動作學習」課程介入，可成為協助選手提升表現的方式之一。

關鍵字

瞄準時間；運動表現；動作學習

並列摘要

Since the consistency, stability, and aiming time of archers will all affect their athletic performance, they must undergo professional training to improve their shooting technique. In this respect, motor learning is important. The International Archery Federation shortened the shooting time from 40 seconds to 30 in 2021; therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the effect of fixed tempo training on aiming time and archery performance. This study recruited 10 college archers, separated into two groups of five (experimental and control group). The experimental group undertook an 8-week fixed tempo course. The control group maintained routine training. Aiming time and archery performance data were collected from pre-test, mid-test, post-test, and follow-up results. The results showed that: (1) There was a significant negative correlation between aiming time and archery performance. (2) The aiming time of the high-scoring archers in the experimental group was significantly faster than that of the low-scoring ones in the pretest and follow-up; for the control group, the aiming time of the high-scoring archers was significantly faster than that of the low-scoring ones at each time point. (3) The archery performance of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group in the mid-test, post-test, and follow-up test. In the experimental group, the post-test was significantly better than the pre-test. In addition, it was found that the aiming time of the post-test in the experimental group was faster than that of the pre-test, mid-test, and follow-up test. The follow-up test was significantly faster than the pretest. We conclude that the significant improvement in archery performance in the experimental group after the intervention of fixed rhythm training may be related to the reduction of aiming time, which means that intervention through motor learning courses can be one of the ways to help archers improve their performance.

並列關鍵字

aiming time ； athletic performance ； motor learning

參考文獻

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