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不同誘導方式對短跑運動員活化後增能作用的影響
Effects of Different Induction Methods on Postactivation Potentiation in Sprinters
Abstracts
活化後增能作用（postactivation potentiation, PAP）近年來在運動訓練領域受到廣泛關注，對提升運動員的運動表現帶來巨大潛力，但靜態與動態誘導方式對誘導運動員下肢PAP存在一定爭議。本研究招募8名男性短跑運動員，以隨機交叉順序完成靜態與動態誘導實驗，收集下肢動力和肌電資料，旨在探討靜態與動態誘導PAP組內與組間的差異。研究結果顯示：一、PAP靜態誘導前動力和肌電資料與恢復時間點4分鐘及8分鐘時存在顯著組內差異。二、PAP動態誘導前動力資料與恢復時間點4分鐘、8分鐘時及12分鐘時存在顯著組內差異；PAP動態誘導前肌電資料與恢復時間點8分鐘及12分鐘時存在顯著組內差異。三、靜態與動態誘導在恢復時間點15秒、4分鐘、8分鐘、12分鐘、16分鐘、20分鐘時的下肢動力和肌電資料均不存在顯著組間差異。本研究結論：靜態與動態誘導方式均能誘導PAP效應，兩者誘導短跑運動員下肢PAP效應在各恢復時間點上不存在顯著差異，但動態誘導後PAP效應持續的時間比靜態誘導長，靜態誘導動力峰值出現的時間點早於動態誘導方式。
Parallel abstracts
Recently, postactivation potentiation (PAP) has received much attention in the field of athletic training, and it has great potential to enhance athletes' performance. However, there is some controversy between static and dynamic induction methods for inducing lower limb PAP in athletes. In this study, eight male sprinters were recruited, completed static and dynamic induction experiments in a randomized crossover order to collect lower limb kinetic and electromyographic data, and aimed to explore intra- and intergroup differences between statically and dynamically induced PAP. Results indicated that: (1) there were significant intragroup differences between kinetic and electromyographic data before static induction of PAP and the recovery time points of 4 min and 8 min; (2) there were significant intragroup differences between kinetic data before dynamic induction of PAP and the recovery time points of 4 min, 8 min, and 12 min. There were significant intragroup differences between electromyographic data before dynamic induction of PAP and the recovery time points of 8 min and 12 min; (3) there were no significant intergroup differences between static and dynamic induced groups in terms of lower limb kinetic and electromyographic data at the recovery time points of 15 s, 4 min, 8 min, 12 min, 16 min, and 20 min. In conclusion: Both static and dynamic induction can induce the PAP effect, with no significant difference in the recovery time of the lower limb PAP effect in sprinters between the two methods. However, the duration of the PAP effect is longer after dynamic induction rather than static, while the time of the kinetic peak is earlier with static induction.