This paper describes a part of the geotechnical investigation which was initiated by the Japanese Geotechnical Society on the damages caused by the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake of Taiwan. The attention herein is particularly focused on the gigantic landslide at Tsao-ling where the authors collected rock specimens and conducted laboratory direct shear tests. A brief seismic stability analysis was carried out then by using the strength parameters obtained by the tests. It was found that a mudstone stratum among other types of rock most likely failed during the earthquake. It is noteworthy that the joints or discontinuities in the rock mass which were generated by past earthquake actions can most reasonably account for the failure event.