In order to prevent the spontaneous combustion of coal in gob, a new material of yellow mud/gel composites was researched. According to the programmed heat experiments and combined with the data processing, ability of yellow mud/gel composite material to inhibit coal spontaneous combustion was studied. The results show that: when coal samples were processed by yellow mud/gel composites, amount of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and methane all apparently decreased; the effects on inhibiting coal oxidation was especially apparent in temperature range of 90℃~310℃, that water sustaining, flowing and inhibiting performance of material were all improved and the inhibiting rate could reach above 80%. The results demonstrated that new yellow mud/gel composite was capable of inhibiting the oxidation process, which indicated a new direction for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal and further assure safe production of coal mines.