重型輪型車輛液氣壓式懸吊系統之振動分析

Analysis of Hydro-Pneumatic Suspension System for Heavy-Duty Wheeled Vehicle

梁卓中(Cho-Chung Liang) ； 鄧作樑(Tso-Liang Teng) ； 楊士賢(Shih-Hsien Yang) ； 林憲聰(Hsien-Tsung Lin)

《車輛工程學刊》 9期 (2012/06) Pp. 1-24

https://doi.org/10.30023/JVE.201206.0001

摘要

高機動重型輪型車輛於越野運動時，其安全性、乘適性與操控性為設計時主要之考量，一般傳統機械式懸吊系統，為保持車輛良好的操控性，駕駛與乘員必須忍受不良路面的強烈衝擊；反之，若追求乘適性則會忽略安全性與操控性，因此如何設計良好的懸吊系統對重型輪型車輛於越野運動為相當重要的課題之一。故本文以重型輪型車輛之液氣壓式懸吊系統為研究對象，首先應用ADAMS多體動力學分析軟體，建構一單輪二自由度懸吊系統之動態分析模型，採雙A臂懸吊機構設計，利用液氣壓式懸吊系統的非線性彈簧與阻尼特性與元件參數，並輸入一穩定不同頻率正弦波，觀察承載質量之動態響應，藉以探討液氣壓式懸吊系統垂向運動行為及頻域中之性能表現，期間並探討振動對人體舒適性之影響。其次，利用懸吊耐久測試平台進行動態實驗，比較液氣壓式懸吊系統在實際元件作動下，與建構模型之差異，並對液氣壓式懸吊系統中之非線性彈簧實施減壓試驗，以了解氣體彈簧壓力對懸吊系統整體性能表現之影響。最後，將液氣壓式懸吊系統與傳統鋼線式懸吊系統相互比較，並分析其差異。研究結果發現本文所建構之重型輪型車輛使用液氣壓式懸吊系統之動態分析模型，經ADAMS軟體分析結果與實驗結果相近，因此具有相當之可靠性；研究中發現，液氣壓式懸吊系統除可減少車輛空間佔用量，且有較穩定之性能表現；在人員乘適性之評估中，液氣壓式懸吊系統可藉由減低氣體彈簧壓力，達到比傳統鋼線式懸吊系統較佳之好適性。未來可搭配半主動或主動控制元件，並建構整車ADAMS模型進行數值分析，預測懸吊系統之性能表現，以進一步改善液氣壓式懸吊系統性能。

關鍵字

液氣壓式懸吊系統 ； ADAMS ； 舒適性評估 ； 重型輪型車輛

並列摘要

This paper adopted hydro-pneumatic suspension system and used double A-arm suspension design institutions to discuss heavy-duty wheeled vehicle. And, this paper utilized Automatic Dynamic of Mechanical Systems (ADAMS), a kind of software for multi-body dynamics, to establish a two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) quarter-car dynamic model. Then, input a different frequency stability sine wave to carry observation of the quality of dynamic response, to examine the vertical movement and the frequency domain performance of the hydro-pneumatic suspension system, and to explore the human body vibration on the impact of comfort. Re-use suspension durability testing platform for dynamic experiments, comparison of the vertical movement and acceleration between the actual hydro-pneumatic suspension system components and construction model. Finally, implementation of decompression tests for the nonlinear air-spring of the hydro-pneumatic suspension system, to understand suspension system performance by the pressure of air-spring changes impact. The results showed that the heavy-duty wheeled vehicle using hydro-pneumatic suspension system can reduce the components occupy space of vehicles and perform a more stable condition. It can achieve good results in ride evaluation. In addition, the experimental verification of results of the hydro-pneumatic suspension system ADAMS model is very close to the actual status. Compared with the traditional coil-spring suspension system, the hydro-pneumatic suspension system can reduce the pressure of air-spring to improve riding comfort. The hydro-pneumatic suspension system in this research can be applied in the heavy type vehicles, and it can assemble with semi-active or active control components to increase the suspension performance. The hydro-pneumatic suspension system ADAMS model can expand to whole vehicle modeling, and further forecast the performance of ride comfort and handling.

並列關鍵字

hydro-pneumatic suspension system ； ADAMS ； ride evaluation ； Heavy-duty wheeled vehicle