心理功能傾向量表之發展及其在軍校生學校適應之運用

The Development of Psychological Function Tendency Inventory and Its Applications on Cadets' School Adjustment

馬于雯(Yu-Wen Ma) ； 鐘國應(Kuo-Ying Chong)

《應用心理研究》 37期 (2008/03) Pp. 95-123

摘要

The purpose of this quantitative study was to develop Psychological Function Tendency Inventory (PFTI) and to investigate the effect of psychological type on academic performance and school adjustment among undergraduate cadets. The intended objectives of these instruments are evaluating cadet's psychological types and school adjustment. Exploratory factory analysis, Cronbach's α and other statistics were employed to examine the structure, reliability and validity of the scale. The results showed that PFTI has satisfactory reliability and validity for use with undergraduate cadets. The PFTI consists of 71 items which were classified into 4 sub-scales: Extroversion/ Introversion, Sensing/Intuition, Thinking/Feeling and Judging/Perceiving, with Cronbach's α in the range of .88 and .91. For academic performance, Judging types significantly outperformed the Perceiving types on average exam mark, and Sensing types better than Intuition types. The Sensing/Intuition dimension added significantly to the predictive validity of academic performance. For school adjustment, Extroversion tends to perform better than Introversion types on 7 indicators. Sensing types did significantly better than Intuition types on school life management adjustment, and Judging types better than Perceiving on six indicators. Extroversion/Introversion dimension added significantly to the predictive validity of academic self-efficiency, academic anxiety, organizational commitment and peer relationship; Judging/Perceiving added significantly to the predictive validity of goal commitment and school life management adjustment. The discussion of validity and reliability of the instruments were provided. Policy implications and recommendations for educational administrators and future research suggested by this research were discussed.

關鍵字

軍校生 ； 心理類型 ； 學校適應 ； 學習表現 ； 心理功能傾向量表

並列摘要

The purpose of this quantitative study was to develop Psychological Function Tendency Inventory (PFTI) and to investigate the effect of psychological type on academic performance and school adjustment among undergraduate cadets. The intended objectives of these instruments are evaluating cadet's psychological types and school adjustment. Exploratory factory analysis, Cronbach's α and other statistics were employed to examine the structure, reliability and validity of the scale. The results showed that PFTI has satisfactory reliability and validity for use with undergraduate cadets. The PFTI consists of 71 items which were classified into 4 sub-scales: Extroversion/ Introversion, Sensing/Intuition, Thinking/Feeling and Judging/Perceiving, with Cronbach's α in the range of .88 and .91. For academic performance, Judging types significantly outperformed the Perceiving types on average exam mark, and Sensing types better than Intuition types. The Sensing/Intuition dimension added significantly to the predictive validity of academic performance. For school adjustment, Extroversion tends to perform better than Introversion types on 7 indicators. Sensing types did significantly better than Intuition types on school life management adjustment, and Judging types better than Perceiving on six indicators. Extroversion/Introversion dimension added significantly to the predictive validity of academic self-efficiency, academic anxiety, organizational commitment and peer relationship; Judging/Perceiving added significantly to the predictive validity of goal commitment and school life management adjustment. The discussion of validity and reliability of the instruments were provided. Policy implications and recommendations for educational administrators and future research suggested by this research were discussed.

並列關鍵字

cadet ； psychological type ； school adjustment ； academic performance ； Psychological Function Tendency Inventory

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