《史記．平準書》宗旨探析

本篇主要以漢武帝「興利」來闡明〈平準書〉的宗昌，並分析漢武帝經濟改革的功過。前言說明《史記．平準書》在於「興利」二字，次論武帝「興利」的動機與條件，再進一步就其體政策分析之，武帝「興利」乃由於兵革數動，國庫耗空，不得已藉打擊豪強為名，行徵利逐財之實。其中以幣制改革、算緡告緡、鹽鐵專賣、平準均輸、賣官幫爵五事，為「興利」的主要政策，今就經濟、政治、社會等方面一一討論，並與太史公的經濟主張相互印證。

關鍵字

史記；平準書；漢武帝；興利；貨幣；平準；均輸

並列摘要

The aim of this paper is to provide a critique on the economic reformation practiced during the era of Emperor Wu of the Han, which is primarily based on the description in the ＂Treatise on the Balanced Standard＂ of The Records of the Grand Historian. This paper consists of three topics; the introduction is to shed light on the transformation of the policy of ＂producing revenue ＂throughout the dynasties before Emperor Wu. Furthermore, the main body focuses on discussing the motivation and condition of Emperor Wu trying to ＂produce revenue＂ on the one hand, and analyzing its policies in detail on the other hand. This paper is also a comparative study which compares the economic proposition of Sima Qian to that of Emperor Wu so that points out the impact of economic reformation of Emperor Wu on economics, politics, and society as a whole. This paper found that the primary economic policies of Emperor Wu consist of five issues: the changes in currency, the levy on wealth and the confiscation of concealed property, the salt and iron monopolies, the system of balanced standard and equitable transport, and the system of sale of honorary ranks. Moreover, on account of the exhaustion of treasuries, which resulted from the chaos and social upheavals brought about by constant wars, Emperor Wu tried to increase revenue by means of economic reformation that was particularly used to suppress the great landholders and governors or prime ministers who were conniving for their own profit.

並列關鍵字

Shi-Ji (The Records ofthe Grand Historian) ； The Treatise of the Balanced Standard Emperor Wu of the Han ； Produce Revenue ； Currency ； The System of Balanced ； Standard ； The System ofEquitable Transport

國際替代計量

《史記．平準書》宗旨探析

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