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戈載《詞林正韻》收字歸音問題初探

Discussing the "Tzu Lin Cheng Yun"

摘要


本文以作家在填詞時常用之詞韻韻書,戈載《詞林正韻》作為討論主軸,將查看《詞林正韻》之後所發現之疑處一一列出討論,《詞林正韻》中的問題可能會影響作家填詞,甚至造成在填詞時的困擾。第一點就是《詞林正韻》中入聲字除了存在於入聲韻部之外,在陰聲韻部的後面也有入聲字的存在;第二點乃是《詞林正韻》中所使用的反切相當混亂,不僅缺乏連貫性,且有漏字出現的問題;第三點則是在《詞林正韻》中對於一個韻字,卻同時出現兩個或是多個反切,且這些反切可能分布在兩個或多個不同的韻部。因此本篇文章將以這三點作為討論的主題,逐一加以分析。本文內容可以依問題分為三部分,首先探討《詞林正韻》入聲字派入三聲的問題,再討論戈載本身在編輯上所出現的錯誤,最後則是《詞林正韻》中所出現的反切問題。從這些問題來參看《詞林正韻》作為一部寫詞專用的韻書的合宜性,以及《詞林正韻》是否含有宋代詞家在寫作時的語言習慣。

並列摘要


After I studied this book, Tzu Lin Cheng Yun, I found that there are many problems which may confuse the writers. The first is that Ge Tzai intermingled the words which have plosive tail vowels with the other words. The second is that Ge Tzai made mistakes when he edited this book, inconsistency and omission. The last is heterography. If one word has two or more pronunciations the writers could not recognize which pronunciation is the correct one. Concerning these three problems, I wrote down this essay to analyze and try to evaluate its validity as an authentic reference book.

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