李開先《園林午夢》院本之劇作主旨與至人無夢思想探析

The Drama Substance and the Thought about "People who Achieve Utmost State Don't Dream" of Li Kai Xian's "Yuan Lin Wu Mend"

郭凱文(Kai-Wen Kuo)

《輔大中研所學刊》 21期 (2009/04) Pp. 89-104

https://doi.org/10.29444/JGICLDFJCU.200904.0005

摘要

李開先（1502－1568A.D.）為明代中期重要的劇作家和戲曲評論者。《園林午夢》院本為其後期的作品，因人生最後的十餘年喪子失女，老病兼至，便轉往道家精神中覓求安慰。《園林午夢》中所表現的正是對於名利的批判與突破。《園林午夢》院本為其院本總集《一笑散》的其中一部，以漁人夢境為背景，夢中《西廂記》中之崔鶯鶯、紅娘與《繡襦記》中之李亞仙、秋桂相見，並爭論彼此之高下。李開先運用名作為人所知的人物與劇情，創作出結合二劇的續作，又從其中指出其欲突顯的主軸－「機心尚在、夢境不安、早斷俗緣、至人無夢」，表現出與兩部以愛情為主軸的作品不同的創作思想與方向。劇中處處埋藏深意，雖是篇幅短小的院本創作，卻有其不可忽視的價值。整體來說，《園林午夢》是李開先生命經歷的縮影，也是其自我心志的表現。

關鍵字

李開先 ； 《園林午夢》 ； 至人無夢

並列摘要

Li Kai Xian(1502-1568A.D.) was an important dramatist and reviewer in the middle of the Ming Dynasty. ”Yuan Lin Wu Meng (《園林午夢》, It means ”The Daydream In The Garden”)” was the creation in the later period of his life, Because his children died in the last decade of his life. He become old and ill, so he found the substance in the Taoism. The substance of ”Yuan Lin Wu Meng” was the criticism and transcendence about the fame and wealth. ”Yuan Lin Wu Meng”, which is one unit of Li Kai Xian's drama writings , ”Yi Xiao Sane (《一笑散》)”, narrated an argument happened in a fisher's dream. The argument was between Cui Ying Ying(崔鶯鶯), Hong Niang(紅娘), who were in ”Xi Xiang Ji(《西廂記》)” and Li Ya Xian(李亞仙), Qiu Gui(秋桂), who were in ”Xiu Ru Ji(《繡襦記》)”. The women disputed about who the best was. Li Kai Xian, who used the famous characters and stories of the masterpieces, created the new story following and combining the masterpieces. In the new story, Li Kai Xian indicated the emphasis-”the craftiness interfered clear mind; there were much misgivings in the dreams; it would be best to leave the earthliness; and people who achieve utmost state don't dream”. The creating thought of ”Yuan Lin Wu Meng” was different from the love stories. There were much subtle thought in the drama. Although it is a short drama, there was significant value in it. In conclusion, ”Yuan Lin Wu Meng” was the epitome of Li Kai Xian's life and the ideal hope.

並列關鍵字

Li Kai Xian ； "Yuan Lin Wu Meng" ； People who achieve utmost state don't dream