摘要
台灣瓜類種類多且栽培面積大，病毒病害發生嚴重，目前本國瓜類作物上發生的病毒種類有記錄的至少有八種，各種病毒感染或複合感染，造成植株不同程度的病徵，不但影響品質也影響產量。其中胡瓜綠斑嵌紋病毒(CGMMV)及矮南瓜黃化嵌紋病毒(ZYMV)有經種傳播的能力，此外，北美報告的南瓜嵌紋病毒(SqMV)，歐洲及日本發生的甜瓜壞疽斑點病毒(MNSV)，非洲出現的甜瓜皺葉嵌紋病毒(MRMV)都可經種子傳播至瓜類幼苗。CGMMV、MNSV及ZYMV 的種媒現象都是病毒污染到種子外部種皮，因為病毒無法在成熟的種皮上繁殖，所以不易由種子上直接檢測出病毒，且以乾熱處理，即可去除病毒。SqMV及MRMV病毒入侵至種胚，因此可直接檢測出種皮、胚乳層與胚中的病毒，乾熱或藥劑處理，無法降低病毒種媒傳播率。目前MNSV、MRMV、SqMV及ZYMV都被國內檢疫單位列為適用“有條件輸入植物或植物產品之檢疫條件”的有害生物，進口瓜類種子應避免這類病害的發生，或需經適當之檢疫處理。而CGMMV的發生僅限於歐洲與亞洲，因此其檢疫問題也被其他非疫區國家所關切。
並列摘要
Various kinds of cucurbits are widely cultivated in Taiwan and that result in serious viral diseases. Up to now, at least eight viruses including Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV), Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Melon vein-banding mosaic virus (MVbMV), Watermelon type of Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV-W),Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), Watermelon silver mottle virus (WSMoV) and Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) have been reported to infect cucurbits in Taiwan. The infection or mixed infection of these viruses caused symptoms to some degrees in the cucurbit plants and that affected the quality and quantity of yields. Among these indigenous viruses, only CGMMV and ZYMV were proven to be seed-transmissible. Squash mosaic virus (SqMV) mainly occurred in the Northern America, Melon necrotic spot virus (MNSV) in the Europe and Japan and Melon rugose mosaic virus (MRMV) in the Africa were reported respectively to be transmitted by seeds of cucurbits. Seed transmissions of CGMMV, ZYMV and MNSV were the results of virus infection or contamination on the seed coats. The inability of these viruses to replicate in the matured seed coats makes the difficulties to detect the viruses directly from the seeds, but they were readily eliminated by dry heat treatment. Embryo infection by SqMV or MRMV was observed and these viruses could be directly detected in the seed coat, papery layer and embryo. Seed disinfections by heat or chemical treatment did not reduce the seed transmission rates of SqMV and MRMV. MNSV, MRMV, SqMV, and ZYMV are enlisted as the quarantine pests by the Bureau of Animal and Plant Health Inspection and Quarantine, COA, Taiwan. The imported cucurbit seeds are subjected to quarantine requirements to avoid any phytosanitary risks. Conversely, CGMMV is drawn the quarantine attentions by the countries outside the Europe and Asia.