台灣原生柑橘之研究及其利用現況

Native Citrus in Taiwan and Current Status of Research and Utilization

林書妍(S. Y. Lin) ； 陳右人(I. Z. Chen)

《植物種苗》 8卷1期 (2006/03) Pp. 1-12

https://doi.org/10.30077/SN.200603.0001

摘要

根據Flora of Taiwan 第三卷(1993)所收錄，台灣的野生柑橘包括：南庄橙(Citrus taiwanica)、台灣香檬(Citrus depressa)、橘柑(Citrus tachibana)及酸橙(Citrus aurantium)四種。南庄橙原產於新竹南庄之紅毛館，台灣東部亦有；台灣香檬及橘柑原產於台灣、日本九州及沖繩，於全台皆有標本採集紀錄；酸橙則僅存在於蘭嶼，又稱為蘭嶼酸橙。由於自然環境變遷及人為過度利用，台灣原生柑橘的野生族群正急遽消逝，風土適應性佳及某些特殊性狀隨著原生種原的流失而失去，因此需加強野生近緣種的保存。南庄橙具有耐南非立枯病(tristeza)的特性，相關研究多為砧木試驗；台灣香檬在日本被視為具有療效的保健食品，因此相關研究多著力於內含成分所具療效的方面；橘柑目前的研究及利用上皆少；酸橙為重要的柑橘砧木，也是橘皮果醬(marmalade)的主要原料。

關鍵字

柑橘 ； 原生種 ； 南庄橙 ； 台灣香檬 ； 橘柑 ； 蘭嶼酸橙

並列摘要

Citrus taiwa nica, C. depressa, C. tachibana and C. aurantium, which were elucidated by Professor Tanaka, are native to Taiwan and are recorded in the ”Flora of Taiwan”. C. taiwanica was found in Hsin-chu and Tai-tung. C. depressa and C. tachibana are widely distributed over mountains in Taiwan, Okinawa and Kyushu in Japan. C. aurantium is distributed only on the Lanyu Island. But the environment changes rapidly and the over-exploitation results in the decreasing wild race of the native citrus in Taiwan. The conservation of germplasm with some special characteristics has increasingly more important. Because it is tolerant to tristeza, C. taiwanica is often included in rootstock tests. C. depressa, for its pharmacological effect, is noticed by Japanese scientists. There are no much studies and utilization of C. tachibana. C. aurantium is an important rootstock and is the major ingredient in marmalade.

並列關鍵字

Citrus ； native species ； Citrus taiwanica ； Citrus depressa ； Citrus tachibana ； Citrus aurantium