蒴果發育溫度和採收時期對台灣白花蝴蝶蘭無菌播種發芽之影響

Effects of Developmental Temperature and Capsule Harvest Time on the Aseptic Seed Germination in Phalaenopsis Aphrodite Subsp. Formosana

林慧如(Hui-Ju Lin) ； 莊畫婷(Hua-Ting Chuang) ； 徐善德(Shan-Te Hsu) ； 沈再木(Tsai-Mu Shen)

《植物種苗》 10卷1期 (2008/03) Pp. 58-70

https://doi.org/10.30077/SN.200803.0004

摘要

本研究以台灣白花蝴蝶蘭自花授粉的植株為材料，自交後在日／夜溫設定為30/25、25/20和20/15℃的植物生長箱中培養，果實黃化後進行無菌播種。試驗結果顯示，蒴果開始黃化的時間，會隨著培育溫度的增高而提前，而日／夜溫25/20℃適於蒴果的發育，其種子有最佳的發芽率。此外，本研究在25/20℃的催花溫室栽培，參試蒴果採收時期對台灣白花蝴蝶蘭無菌播種發芽的影響。試驗結果顯示，蒴果發育時間較長所採收的種子，有較高的種子發芽率。自花授粉後150天所採收的種子，其無菌播種4週後的發芽率已高達53.0％，顯著高於其它處理者。由掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察結果顯示，於授粉後130、140及150天的種子已具有明顯之胚，這可能是具高發芽率之原因。

關鍵字

蝴蝶蘭 ； 發育溫度 ； 蒴果採收時期 ； 無菌播種發芽 ； 原球體

並列摘要

The effect of day/night temperature regimes of 30/25, 25/20 and 20/15℃ on capsule development and aseptic seed germination of Phalaenopsis aphrodite subsp. formosana was investigated in plant growth chamber. The onset yellowing time of capsule was shortened with increasing growth temperature. Capsules were raised suitably for aseptic seed germination under day/night temperature regime of 25/20℃. The effect of capsule harvest time on the aseptic seed germination was also investigated under greenhouse with day/night temperature of 25/20℃. Seed germination percentage at the given time after aseptic sowing was favorably affected by relative longer capsule growth time. Seeds harvested at 150 days after self-pollination showed the highest germination percentage of 53.0% at four weeks after aseptic sowing. Micromorphology of seeds harvested at 130, 140 and 150 days after self-pollination under scanning electron microscopy examination, showing seed have obvious embryo. This may be the cause that have a high seed germination percent.

並列關鍵字

Phalaenopsis ； developmental temperature ； capsule harvest time ； aseptic seed germination ； protocorm