GMO作物研發現況與發展趨勢

R&D Status and Development Trend of GMO Crops

陳瑞榮(Jui-Jung Chen)

《植物種苗》 12卷2期 (2010/06) Pp. 49-61

https://doi.org/10.30077/SN.201006.0004

摘要

基因改造技術（簡稱GMO）的興起，成為目前國際間農業創新發展的主要趨勢。GMO即泛指應用重組DNA技術與基因體學在農業與作物的保護研究、生物性農藥與肥料等農業生產資材開發、動物複製及生物反應器衍生產品等。本篇就美國、日本及臺灣GMO作物研發情形進行現況報告及分析，並引用台灣經濟研究院生物科技產業研究中心蒐集OECD預測於2015農業生技發展五項。目前全世界四大基因改造作物分別是大豆、玉米、棉花及油菜，其中棉花為衣服的原料，油菜榨油主要提供工業使用，爭議較小，而大豆和玉米則可提供人類食用或做為動物飼料，因此比較受到關注。目前無法確論食用基改作物30年、50年之後產生影響，依照目前基改作物的發展情勢，要完全不食用基改食品，恐怕不太容易做到。因此唯有依賴政府單位的把關，在人類科學知識的極限之下，盡量確保進口基改食品的安全性。

關鍵字

基因改造作物

並列摘要

The emergence of genetically modified organism (abbreviated as GMO) becomes the main trend for presently international innovation and development of agriculture. The technology of GMO generally refers to application of recombinant DNA technology and genomics on protection research of agriculture and crops, the development of agricultural production materials such as bio-pesticides and fertilizer, animal cloning and derived products of bioreactor, etc. R&D Statuses of GMO in USA, Japan, and Taiwan were introduced and analysis. In addition, the inductive analysis from exploration of the products, technology and efficacy in five fields were introduced. Presently, the top four GMO crops in the world are soybean, corn, cotton and edible rape, among which cotton are raw materials of clothing, and edible rape is majorly provided for industrial use with less dispute; however, since soybeans and corns can be provided for human eating or animals feed, they have much attention. It is not sure that the edible GMO crops produce worse influence 30 and 50 years later in the end. Therefore, government agency should keep a strict standard under the limit of human scientific knowledge to ensure the safety of imported GMO food as could as possible.

並列關鍵字

GMO food