換錦花種子發芽特性研究

The Studies on Seed Germination of ＂Lycoris sprengeri＂

彭俊翰(Chun-Han Peng) ； 張正(Chen Chang)

《植物種苗》 16卷2期 (2014/06) Pp. 1-14

摘要

換錦花種子成熟期介於9-10月間，種子長7公釐、寬7.3公釐、百粒重17公克，亮黑色球形。換錦花種子屬地下發芽型，胚根突破種皮後，子葉鞘伸出進入土中，爾後子葉鞘末端膨大形成鱗莖，鱗莖發育成熟後胚根萎縮，由不定根取代之，經冬季的低溫後於明年或後年2-3月抽出第一片真葉出土。裸胚培養可去除胚乳的抑制作用，促使種胚發芽與真葉抽長。種子發芽最適溫度為20-25℃，且鱗莖發育速度最快，種子經聚乙二醇滲調處理後可提高發芽率，加快鱗莖發育速度，以-1.0 MPa PEG 8000溶液25℃預措處理5天，發芽率可高達97.8％。小鱗莖形成後再經15-20℃恆溫處理2個月，可提高出葉率達45-47%，且抽出的葉片可長達10-11公分。本研究以溫度及渗調處理，可提高換錦花種子萌芽及出葉率。

關鍵字

換錦花 ； 種子 ； 胚培養 ； 鱗莖 ； 延遲地下型發芽

並列摘要

The seed mature period of ＂Lycoris sprengeri＂ is from September to November in Dongying. The average seed size is approximately 7 mm in length, approximately 7.3 mm in width, and approximately 17 g in the hundred-grain weight. ＂L. sprengeri＂ seed is lustrous black and ball-shaped, which undergoes hypogeal germination. After the radicle emerges from the seed coat, the coleoptile extends into the soil, and the end of enlarged coleoptile forms a bulblet. When the bulblet matures, the radicle will be atrophied, and then replaced by adventitious roots. The first foliage would appear between February and March in the next two years. Embryo culture is helpful for releasing the inhibition of endorsperm, promoting rapid germination, and shortening the period of foliage appearance. The optimal temperature for seed germination and bulblet development is between 20 and 25 °C. Seeds from L. sprengeri primed with PEG8000 solution can accelerate further development and improve the germination percentage. Seeds primed in -1.0 MPa of PEG8000 solutions at 25 °C for 5 days exhibited the highest germination percentage (97.8%). The percentage of foliage appearance of bulblets increase under a constant temperature treatment at 15 to 20°C for two months, and the length of the foliage reached up 10 to 11 cm. In this study, temperature and osmotic adjustment process can improve the seed germination and leaf appearance rate of ＂L. sprengeri＂.

並列關鍵字

＂Lycoris sprengeri＂ ； Embryo culture ； Seed ； Bulb ； Delayed hypogeal germination