鑑別番木瓜性別決定基因之研究進展

番木瓜植株依據其開花特性可分為雄株(staminate)、雌株(pistillate)、兩性株(hermaphrodite)三種性型，其中兩性株因果型優良最具經濟價值是栽培之主要性別。在番木瓜性染色體觀測到強烈的重組抑制現象，前人提出由一個性別基因座的3個對偶基因所調控，即M_1、M_2以及m，且雌株、雄株以及兩性株分別由mm、M_1m以及M_2m基因型所決定。有關性別基因的分子研究，已有多個性別鑑定標誌被發表，其中多數為Y染色體專一性標誌且僅出現在雄性和兩性株，而在X染色體則無訊號，此外，也有雄性專一性標誌被發表。前人透過RNA及DNA高通量定序比對，選獲性別決定候選基因Short Vegetative Phase-like (SVP-like)是目前最具體發現。

關鍵字

番木瓜；性染色體；性別決定； Short Vegetative Phase -like基因

並列摘要

Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is polygamous with three basic sex types including staminate, pistillate, and hermaphrodite. Among them, the hermaphroditic trees produce a long oval-shaped fruit that is preferred in most market. To date, the control of sex determination in papaya has been described by a single gene with tri-alleles, M_1-dominant for maleness, M_2-dominant for hermaphrodite, and m-recessive for femaleness in diploid zygotes. The progress in molecular studies on sex identification had revealed several sex related markers, and most of them are present in male and hermaphrodite and absent in female. Besides, male-specific markers were reported. To identify sex determination gene(s) in papaya, genome and transcriptome analysis by NGS technology were conducted. The results revealed a candidate short vegetative phase(SVP)-like gene involving in flower development is the most concrete result at present.

並列關鍵字

Papaya ； Sex chromosome ； Sex determination ； Short Vegetative Phase-like gene

國際替代計量

鑑別番木瓜性別決定基因之研究進展

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