番茄抗細菌性斑點病T3生理小種（Xanthomonas perforans）之抗病基因分子標誌開發

Development of a SCAR Marker for Resistance to Xanthomonas perforans Race T3 in Tomato

周明燕(Ming-Yenn Chou) ； 薛道原(Dao-Yuan Xue) ； 龔美玲(Mei-Ling Kung) ； 陳哲仁(Jen-Ren Chen) ； 邱燕欣(Yen-Hsin Chiu) ； 張惠如(Hui-Ju Chang)

《植物種苗》 19卷1期 (2017/03) Pp. 25-41

摘要

番茄細菌性斑點病由Xanthomonas屬病原所引起，在高溫高濕環境下適合發病，嚴重時影響產品品質及產量。造成番茄細菌性斑點病的Xanthomonas病原分為X. euvesicatoria、X. vesicatoria、X. perforans及X. gardneri等四種，依據病原菌與鑑別寄主之間的過敏反應，將其分成T1～T5種生理小種。其中X. perforans（T3、T4及T5）近十年來逐漸發展成強勢菌系，危害全球番茄生產。由於等位基因Xv-3/Rx-4控制T3生理小種過敏反應，本研究針對T3生理小種抗病基因Rx-4及Xv-3分別進行SCAR分子標誌開發。所開發SCAR標誌Rx-4#14對抗、感病材料可分別擴增出367bp及273bp條帶；Xv-3#15擴增出828bp及258bp條帶，測試結果與前人文獻InDel標誌pcc12吻合。利用376個不同來源的番茄DNA材料進行標誌普遍性測試，Xv-3#15未有PCR產物的比率（rate of null allele）為2.93%，Rx-4#14為0.53%，顯見Rx-4#14較Xv-3#15更能適用於不同種質來源的番茄材料。以兩個標誌對376個材料的測試結果進行比較，兩者基因型的一致性為0.88，顯示兩個標誌雖然位置很靠近，但對於抗病基因的偵測結果仍有差異，後續在實際運用上，建議同時以兩個標誌的偵測結果進行抗性判斷。

關鍵字

番茄細菌性斑點病 ； 細菌性斑點病原菌 ； T3生理小種 ； 分子標誌

並列摘要

Tomato bacterial spot is caused by Xanthomonas spp. The disease occurs in a high temperature and high humidity environment. It is prone to appear in open fields and may severely affect product quality and yield in extreme cases. Pathogens Xanthomonas that cause bacterial spot disease in tomato have been identified in four spesicdes, including X. euvesicatoria, X. vesicatoria, X. perforans, and X. gardneri. Furthermore, they are classified into five tomato races T1~T5, according to the hypersensitive reaction between the pathogen race and the differential host. Among them, X. perforans (race T3, T4, and T5) has gradually become the major epidemic strain jeopardizing global tomato production in the past decade. It is well known that tomato resistance alleles, Xv-3/Rx-4, control the hypersensitive reaction to the T3 race. In this study, allele-specific SCAR markers were developed for the resistance genes Rx-4 and Xv-3 respectively. SCAR marker, Rx-4#14, could amplify 367-bp and 273-bp products for resistant and susceptible materials. Whereas, the applicants of Xv-3#15 in the resistance and susceptible are 828 bp and 258 bp, respectively. The results are in consistent with the genotypes of InDel marker pcc12 developed in previous study. In 376 tested tomato germplasm from different sources, the percentages of null allele for Xv-3#15 and Rx-4#14 are 2.93% and 0.53%, respectively. Hence, Rx-4#14 is considered to be more suitable for screening different tomato germplasm. The consistency between Xv-3#15 and Rx- 4#14 was 0.88 in this study. Although the two markers are closely related in physical distance, the polymorphisms were revealed in our result. For the practical application, it is recommended to use the both tomato Xv-3/Rx-4 markers at the same time for evaluating the resistance to race T3 race.

並列關鍵字

tomato bacterial spot ； Xanthomonas spp. ； race T3 ； molecular markers