ACC合成酶基因對胡瓜花性表現之影響

Introduction the Sexual Performance of ACC Synthase Gene on Cucumber

張勝智(Sheng-Chih Chang) ； 蔡雅琴(Ya-Chin Tsai) ； 劉明宗(Ming-Chung Liu)

《植物種苗》 19卷1期 (2017/03) Pp. 57-69

摘要

胡瓜（Cucumis sativus L.）花性分化受遺傳、荷爾蒙與環境交互作用，其中植物荷爾蒙如乙烯，更直接參與花性分化的調控，形成不同的開花類型。學者以不同胡瓜花性類型之遺傳表現與乙烯調控機制結果，確認乙烯可促成不同花器類型之形成，並確認作用部位為莖頂組織，且全雌株相較於雌雄異花同株及雄花兩性花同株具更高的乙烯含量及CSACS2（ACC合成酶基因）mRNA表現，並多含1組CSACS1G（ACC合成酶基因）序列。雌雄異花同株之CSACS2 mRNA大量在子房中央區域累積，全雌株則在所有花蕾中均有CSACS2 mRNA累積，參考表現部位推測，CSACS2可能與雌花分化有關。在環境效應方面，以不同光週期處理，發現短日下會促進雌雄異花同株的乙烯含量增加及CSACS2表現。學者綜合乙烯、花性相關的基因表現，以「單一激素假說」解釋乙烯作用對ACC合成酶相關基因的影響，可作為未來研究乙烯對花性調控的參考。

關鍵字

胡瓜 ； 乙烯 ； ACC合成酶

並列摘要

The sex differentiation of cucumber is affected by genetics, hormones and environment. Plant hormones such as ethylene directly involved to regulate the floral differentiation and forming different flowering types such as monoecious. Researchers had confirmed that ethylene can promote the formation of different flower types based on genetic and ethylene performance of cucumber on different flowering types. They confirmed the ethylene affecting sites at shoot apical tissues, and gynoecious had higher ethylene content and CSACS2 mRNA expression than monoecious and andromonoecious. It contained one more sequence of CSACS1G. CSACS2 mRNA of monoecious plants accumulated in the central area of the ovary of the carpel, while gynoecious plants accumulated CSACS2 mRNA in all flower buds. It was speculated that CSACS2 could be related to the differentiation of female flowers by referring to the expression position. On environmental effects, the short photoperiods treatment would promote to increase the ethylene and CSACS2 expression of monoecious plants. Researcher combined the performance of ethylene and flora gene expression, using the ＂one-hormone hypothesis＂ to explain the effect of ethylene on ACC synthase genes, taking it as a reference on regulation of ethylene on floral sex.

並列關鍵字

cucumber ； ethylene ； ACC synthase