「吸菸」是當今世界各國公認為最可預防的疾病。近年來我國青少年吸菸人數居高不下,正是一項警訊與隱憂,青少年吸菸會嚴重戕害其身心健康,並增加其成年期持續吸菸的可能性。 影響青少年吸菸行為的決定因素以心理及社會因素居多,本文以不同層面危險因子的角度,分析有效的青少年菸害預防策略文獻,期能作為設計預防介入計畫的參考。 預防青少年吸菸的社區策略必須是多重方法的、整合性的,國外研究顯示經濟介入(提高菸稅)、反廣告、零售商的介入、與學校合作的社區方法、制定無菸環境政策、及限制廣告及促銷等六項方法,已獲致相當的成效。我國欲規劃青少年菸害預防藍圖,可參酌國外經驗作為他山之石,並去蕪存菁,加速推動本土化的預防研究與實務工作,以降低國內學生及青少年吸菸率及二手菸暴露,進而提高抗菸與拒菸意識,促進青少年的身心健康。
Smoking is he most preventable disease in the world. Alarmingly, the smoking rate among adolescents in Taiwan remains high. Smoking is harmful for adolescents, and moreover these high rates of adolescent smoking eventually will translate into high rates of adult smoking. The determinants of smoking among adolescents are mostly Psychosocial. Based on the risk factors of tobacco use, this work reviews effective prevention strategies. Community-based approaches should be multicomponent and intergrated. Economic intervention, counteradvertising, multi component, school-linked community approaches, tobacco-free environment policies, and restriction of advertising and promotion all are effective in preventing tobacco use among youths. More preventive efforts should be taken to help adolescents refuse smoking and reduce their exposure to environmental smoke.