高校思想改造運動及其前後（1949-1952）：以南京大學為中心的考察

1950年代初期的知識份子思想改造運動，對中共建政以後的高等學校影響深遠。本文以南京大學作為個案，研究高校思想改造運動的意義。首先，在歷史檔案尚未開放的前提下，盡可能考察這次政治運動的細節；其次，有學者認為高校院系調整工作的完成，表示高校思想改造運動的結束，本文認為兩者有某種程度的關聯，但高校思想改造運動與中共的組織清理有密切關係，所以思想改造運動的最後一步，應該是政治工作制度建立，並藉此把思想改造運動的「政治學習」與「思想檢查」加以常態化。

關鍵字

高校思想改造運動；南京大學；院系調整；組織清理；政治工作制度

並列摘要

The ideological remoulding movement in the early 50's among intellectuals strongly influenced higher educational institutions during the initial stage of the establishment of the People’s Republic of China. This study focuses on the case of Nanjing University to examine the significances of ideological remoulding movement. First of all, under the condition that the historical archives have not yet opened, this study manages to scrutinize this political movement in detail as far as possible. Next, while some scholars have claimed that the reconstruction of the higher educational system indicated the end of the ideological remoulding movement in higher educational institutions, the author of this study argues that indeed the two events were connected to some extent, but the ideological remoulding movement was more closely related to Chinese Communist Party's organizational purge. Therefore, the last stage of ideological remoulding movement was the establishment of political work system, and in doing so the two aspects of the ideological remoulding movement -”the political education” and ”the ideological examination”- was thus normalized.

並列關鍵字

Ideological remoulding movement in higher educational institutions ； Nanjing University ； Reconstruction of the higher educational system ； Organizational purge ； Political work system

參考文獻

＜三十七學年度第二學期第五次教授大會會議紀錄＞（1949年5月25日），中國第二歷史檔案館藏，《中央大學檔案》，案卷號：，972，「中大教授大會會議錄(1948年)」。"sanshiqi xueniandu dierxueqi diwuci jiaoshou dahui huiyi jilu" (25 May, 1949), The Second Historical Archives of China, zhongyang daxue dangan, File No. 972: zhongda jiaoshou dahui huiyilu(1948).

Google Scholar

＜中大應變會主持學習週第一次座談會＞（1949年5月5日），中國第二歷史檔案館藏，《中央大學檔案》，案卷號：，1013，「中大教授大會會議錄(1949年6月)」。"zhongda yingbianhui zhuchi xuexizhou diyici zuotanhui" 5 May, 1949), The Second Historical Archives of China, zhongyang daxue dangan, File No. 1013: zhongda yingbian weiyuanhui gongzuo zongjie baogao(june, 1949).