無照駕駛不保條款修正芻議－兼評臺灣高等法院高雄分院98年度保險上易字第7號民事判決

Revision Suggestions on Driving without a License Exclusion

林蔡承(Tsai-Chen Lin)

《保險專刊》 32卷4期 (2016/12) Pp. 419-438

摘要

任意汽車保險與強制汽車責任保險不同，被保險人無照駕駛所生之損害或賠償責任在任意汽車保險屬於除外不保事項，無論無照駕駛之被保險人是不是有過失，也不論被保險人對於事故的發生是不是可歸責，都不影響保險人不負賠償責任之結果。惟鑑於目前實務上之保單條款用語易生疑義，因此，本文建議根本地做法還是對條款之擬定，做適當之修正，以杜絕爭議。本文將先論述應如何解釋系爭條款，再對法院之判決作深入的評論，進而提出結論與建議。

關鍵字

無照駕駛 ； 除外危險 ； 除外條款 ； 不保事項 ； 隱藏性義務 ； 對價平衡

並列摘要

Non-compulsory automobile insurance is different from compulsory automobile liability insurance. Any damage or liability to pay compensation occurred from the period of driving without a license by the insured is one of exclusion in Non- compulsory automobile insurance. An insurer was not liable for payment of insurance benefits, whether the insured was fault or not. Also regardless of the insured for the accident is attributable. After review so many judgments and the current actual situation, there are different view of the term of the policy clause. Therefore, this article suggests that the fundamental approach is appropriate to modify the clause to put an end of the dispute. This article will first discuss how to interpret the disputed clause, and then review the judgments, and make conclusions and recommendations finally.

並列關鍵字

driving without a license ； excluded risk ； exception ； exclusion, recessive obligations ； the Principle of Equality of the Premium and Coverage

參考文獻

王澤鑑(1998)。侵權行為法第一冊：基本理論、一般侵權行為。台北:自版。

江朝國(2012)。保險法基礎理論。台北:瑞興。

江朝國(2013)。保險法逐條釋義《第二卷 保險契約》。台北:元照。

江朝國(2015)。保險法逐條釋義《第三卷 財產保險》。台北:元照。

江朝國(1999)。強制汽車責任保險法。台北:智勝。