民事買賣法物之瑕疵擔保規定之探討

A Study on the Warranty Against Defects in Sales of Goods

蔡晶瑩(Ching-Ying Tsai)

《法令月刊》 68卷7期 (2017/07) Pp. 72-84

https://doi.org/10.6509/TLM.2017.6807.04

摘要

主觀說之瑕疵概念以當事人之合意闡釋物之瑕疵的概念，使瑕疵所涵攝之範圍較客觀上依物之抽象觀念所具象之瑕疵範圍為廣，進而言之，在特定物買賣中，能輕易解釋種類偏離之瑕疵問題，而在種類物買賣中亦能擺脫種類判斷之難處，並同時將他物給付併入瑕疵擔保的範圍，避免許多判斷上之疑義，也較符合當事人之主觀期望。此外在瑕疵擔保之法律效果中，是否買受人未能適時地履行檢查通知義務即一概否定其之後的瑕疵擔保權利，也宜考量買受人之權益與有償契約之實質公平性，而有再思考的空間。

關鍵字

物之瑕疵擔保責任 ； 主觀說之瑕疵概念 ； 種類買賣之瑕疵擔保權利 ； 檢查通知之義務 ； 瑕疵修補義務

並列摘要

The subjectivism suggests that the defects of goods should be interpreted based on the agreement between the parties rather than the abstract concept of goods proposed by the objectivism, and it has thus broader subsumption on the concept of defect. Accordingly, not only can the defects of inconsistent kinds be easily dealt with in the sale of designated goods, but making judgments on kinds in the sale of undesignated goods. The delivery of another good can also be covered in the warranty against defects to avoid interpretating dilemma and meet the expectations of the parties. Moreover, when buyers do not properly fulfill the obligations of examining and notifying, instead of depriving them of claiming the warranty against defects, it would be more thorough to reconsider the interest of the buyers and the fairness of an onerous contract.

並列關鍵字

the Liability of the Warranty Against Defects of Goods ； the Concept of Defect in Subjectivism ； Claim the Warranty Against Defects in the Sale of Undesignated Sale ； the Obligation of Examining and Notifying ； the Obligation of Repairing Defect

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