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GPS定位追蹤於刑事偵查程序之運用及其授權基礎-從臺灣高等法院高雄分院105年度上易字第604號刑事判決出發

The Use of GPS Tracking in Criminal Investigation and It's Basis of Legal Authority - Starting from the Judgmemt of Taiwan High Court Kaohsiung Branch Court Shan-Yi-Zi No. 604 (2016)

摘要


隨著科技的日新月異,GPS定位追蹤技術已廣泛運用於日常生活當中,國家機關也將其當作犯罪偵查的手段。然而,GPS定位追蹤可能侵害人民隱私,在欠缺法律明確授權的情況下,運用其作為蒐證手段將產生違法偵查的疑慮。對此,本文從臺灣高等法院高雄分院105年度上易字第604號刑事判決出發,初步認為我國現行法欠缺GPS定位追蹤措施的明確授權依據。進而從比較法的觀點,介紹德國法上有關住宅外使用科技設備監視之相關規範,作為我國法之借鏡。最後,綜整研究成果,提出立法建議之方向,以供未來實務運作及立法參考。

並列摘要


In today world, technology is advancing continuously, Global Position System (GPS) positioning tracking technology has been widely used in daily life. Law enforcement also regard it as a pattern of criminal investigation. However, GPS positioning tracking may infringe the privacy of the people, in the absence of clear authorization of the law, the use of its will constitute illegal investigation. In this regard, this article begins with review of the Taiwan high court Kaohsiung branch court judgmemt Shan-Yi-Zi No.604 (2016). I conclude that the regulations in Taiwan cannot serve as the basis of authority of initiating investigation by the use of GPS positioning tracking. Secondly, this article will introduce the relevant provisions of the German criminal procedure law on "other outdoor surveillance measures" and hopes of finding areas that Taiwan can learn from it. Finally, this article will present some suggestions, with the hope to provide reference of practical operation of law and legal policy in the future.

參考文獻


黃清德(2009),〈位置資料蒐集與基本人權保障—以警察利用衛星定 位系統GPS 蒐集資料為探討中心〉,《警專學報》,4 卷5 期,頁119- 139。
黃敦硯(2017),〈會飛的警車?警用無人機從雲端維護治安〉,《自由時 報電子報》,http://news.ltn.com.tw/ news/society/breakingnews/2034156 (最後瀏覽日:2017/5/12)。
葉俊榮(2016),〈探尋隱私權的空間意涵-大法官對基本權利的脈絡論 證〉,《中研院法學期刊》,18 期,頁1-40。
詹明華、李文章(2005),〈全球衛星定位系統在犯罪偵防上之應用〉, 《刑事科學》,59 期,頁1-20。
詹明華、陳弘斌、宋奕賢(2016),〈定位技術在犯罪偵查上之應用〉,《刑事科學》,80 期,頁1-13。

被引用紀錄


范耕維(2022)。自成本效益分析建構科技偵查立法框架之理論嘗試-由GPS與M化車偵查相關判決談起刑事政策與犯罪防治研究專刊(32),1-56。https://doi.org/10.6460/CPCP.202208_(32).01

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