臺北市規律運動肥胖學童的運動知覺

背景：由於多數肥胖學童沒有規律運動的習慣，故瞭解已有規律運動習慣的肥胖學童，如何開始及維持規律運動習慣，以及他們對運動的體驗、看法及感受，顯得特別珍貴和有意義。目的：本研究旨在了解規律運動肥胖學童的運動經驗和觀點，以及保有持續運動的策略和作為。方法：本研究採質性研究設計，立意取樣臺北市二所公立國小864名六年級學童為對象，經篩選後，有13位處於運動維持期的肥胖學童自願參與焦點團體訪談。以四題開放式訪談大綱，進行二場焦點團體訪談。所得資料則以內容分析法進行分析。結果：資料分析後，共找出四個有意義的主題：感受到運動的好處、自覺身心健康增進與持續運動之良性循環、運動信念深植與內化、運動實踐者與倡議者。結論：運動維持期肥胖學童對運動有正向認知，於規律運動過程中，逐漸累積運動好效果，自覺身心健康增進，能深植運動信念並內化，最後成為運動的實踐者與倡議者。本研究結果可提供健康照護人員未來規畫有效提升肥胖學童身體活動計畫之參考。

關鍵字

運動行為；焦點團體；肥胖學童；維持期

並列摘要

Background: Most of the obese school-aged children do not have exercise habits. Understanding the obese school-aged children with exercising habits such as how they start and keep exercising regularly, and their viewpoints and feelings about exercise is very valuable and meaningful. Purpose: This study aimed to explore obese school-aged children's experiences and perceptions of exercise, as well as the strategies and actions which they take for keeping exercise. Methods: This study employed a qualitative research design. A purposive sampling approach was used. 864 6th grade students from two public elementary schools in Taipei City were recruited. After the assessment, 13 obese school-aged children who were in the maintenance stages of exercise volunteered to participate in the focus group discussions. With four open-ended questions, we had two focus group discussions. Data were analyzed using content analysis to identify significant themes. Results: Four meaningful themes emerged from the analytical data, including (a) awareness of exercise benefits, (b) benign cycle between the perception of physical and psychological health promotion and continuing exercise, (c) exercise beliefs deeply planted and internalized, and (d) exercise practitioners and advocators. Conclusions: The obese school-aged children who were in the maintenance stages have positive perceptions of exercise. During the processes of regular exercise, they became aware of the benefits from exercise, perceived enhancement of physical and psychological well-being, had exercise beliefs deeply planted and internalized, and eventually played the roles of exercise practitioners and advocators. The findings provide reference for health care givers in making effective plans to promote obese school-aged children's physical activities in the future.

並列關鍵字

Exercise behavior ； Focus group ； Obesity children ； Maintenance stage

參考文獻

Chaput, J. P., Klingenberg, L., Rosenkilde, M., Gilbert, J. A., Tremblay, A., & Sjödin, A. (2011). Physical activity plays an important role in body weight regulation. Journal of Obesity, 2011.doi:10.1155/2011/360257.

D'Addesa, D., D'Addezio, L., Martone, D., Censi, L., Scanu, A., Cairella, G., . . . & Ettore Menghetti, E. (2010). Dietary intake and physical activity of normal weight and overweight/ obese adolescents. International Journal of Pediatrics, 1-9. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/785649

行政院衛生署（2006）‧兒童及青少年肥胖定義標準‧取自http://www.rhes.tn.edu.tw/2012health/word/3-3. pdf