長期照護機構之活動治療計畫－以物理治療觀點探討

Activity Programs in Long-Term Care Facilities-The View of Physical Therapy

李瑋君(Wei-Chun Li) ； 胡名霞(Ming-Hsia Hu)

《物理治療》 32卷2期 (2007/04) Pp. 72-77

摘要

為改善長期照護機構住民之生活品質，應針對住民不同之功能狀態及需求提供具有意義及目的之活動治療計畫(therapeutic activity program)。一般來說，大約可將長期照護機構住民的活動設計分為八個層級，可配合不同功能狀況的個案分別搭配組合使用。本文將個案依功能與治療目標分為三類，即低功能個案、中度功能損傷個案及以復健治療為主之個案，分述其建議之活動設計層級與內容。對於低功能個案而言，通常適合加強感覺整合(sensory integration)。感覺認知(sensory awareness)或感覺刺激(sensory stimulation)之活動治療計畫。中度功能損傷病患則適用以校準性的活動(validating activities)、增加動機(remotivation)或懷舊性質的活動(reminiscing)。以及重回社會的各種相關活動(resocialization activities)來促進功能。以復健治療為主之個案的活動設計則包括認知功能刺激(cognitive stimulation)或認知功能再訓練(cognitive retraining)、短期復健(short term rehabilitation)及社區整台活動(community integration)。現今物理治療界對於活動治療之相關訊息及專業訓練尚屬缺乏，希望藉由此文增加物理治療師對各個不同層級病患所接受之活動治療計畫的認識，更能促進在長期照護領域中與其他專業合作治療時的療效並增進個案的治療品質。

關鍵字

長期照護 ； 活動治療計畫

並列摘要

In order to improve the residents' quality of life, every long-term care facilities should provide goal-oriented activity programs according to the needs and functional levels of the residents. In general, we can divide the activity programs into eight levels based on the functional status of individual resident. The residents can be divided into ”low level group”, ”moderately impaired function group”, and ”rehabilitation focused group”. For residents in ”low level group”, the activity programs emphasize sensory integration, sensory awareness or sensory stimulation. As for the residents in ”moderately impaired function group”, the activities designed should include validating activities, re-motivation or reminiscing and re-socialization activities. The activity programs for ”rehabilitation focused group” would focus on cognitive simulation or cognitive retraining, short term rehabilitation, and community integration. The concept and content of activity programs in long-term care is still lacking in the physical therapy education programs in Taiwan. This article reviewed the concept of activity programs based on the resident's functional level and discussed the suggested activities that may help enhance the resident's functional level from a physical therapy perspective. The understanding of the activity programs may help physical therapists to work as a better team member and thus promote the care for these residents.

並列關鍵字

Long-term care ； Activity program