- 期刊
雙重作業對步行表現之干擾效應
Interference Effect of Dual-task Condition on Walking Performance
摘要
背景與目的：本研究之目的為藉由雙重作業的實驗設計，探討不同類型及難易程度的同時作業是否會對年輕人步行表現造成不同程度的雙重作業虧損。方法：20位年輕成人（10位女生，10位男生，年損的概念來看，認知類的同時作業所造成的雙重作業虧損比動作類大，困難的作業所造成的雙重作業虧損也比簡單的作業大，但這樣的差異，只有在認知類齡21.1±1.1歲）完成本實驗，每位受試者須執行自選速度行走的單一作業，以及端空盤子行走、端放著七顆彈珠的盤子行走、行走時同時順背或逆背數字串等四項雙重作業。步行表現參數包括步頻、步長、步行速度與雙腳站立期占完整步行週期的百分比。本研究另外以雙重作業的虧損概念，也就是步行表現參數在單一作業與雙重作業情境的差值，比較不同類型及難易程度的同時作業之效應。結果：當執行雙重作業時，受試者的步行表現僅有在執行認知類同時作業的情境下才與在單一作業下的表現達統計意義上的差異，在執行動作類同時作業時僅有步長與雙腳站立期會受到困難作業的影響。然而以雙重作業的虧作業，在動作類的作業，除步長外，簡單與困難的作業間所造成的雙重作業虧損並無統計上的差異。結論：年輕成人的步行表現不受簡單動作類同時作業的影響，部分受困難動作類同時作業的影響，但卻都會受到簡單或困難的認知類同時作業影響；同時，受到認知類作業難易程度的影響較動作類作業大。
並列摘要
Background and purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine dual-task cost of different task types (cognitive vs. motoric) and different difficulty (easy vs. hard) levels of a concurrent task on walking performance. Method: Twenty young adults (10 women, 10 men, age: 21.1±1.1 years) completed the study. Each subject performed: (1) free walking, (2) walking while carrying an empty tray, (3) walking while carrying a tray with 7 marbles in it, (4) walking while repeating a group of digits forward, (5) walking while repeating the digits backward. Walking performance variables included cadence, stride length, velocity and the percentage of double limb support phase during a gait cycle. Dual-task cost on walking performance was calculated as the difference between the subject’s walking performances with and without the concurrent task. Results: All the walking performance variables were affected by a concurrent task when the task was a cognitive one. However, only the stride length and the percentage of double limb support phase during a gait cycle were affected by a hard motoric task. The dual-task cost on walking performance was larger in difficult task than in easy one. But, such difference was only found when the concurrent task was a cognitive one. Under a motoric concurrent task, the effect of dual-task cost of walking performance was not significantly different between easy and hard tasks. Conclusion: Walking performance of young adults was not affected by simple motoric concurrent task but was partically affected when the task was a hard one. However, all the walking performance variables were affected by a concurrent cognitive task. And the effect was larger in the hard one than the easy one.