發展性言語－語言障礙兒童共伴動作缺失

兒童需要有正常的聽力、認知學習能力、口腔動作控制、社會性發展以及充足的語音刺激，才能逐漸發展出正常的言語－語言能力。發展性言語－語言障礙(Developmental speech and Language Disorders, DSLD)即是指在排除內在與外在因素下，兒童在言語、語言的發展與學習上出現遲緩與困難。以往文獻多認為此障礙只是一種言語、語言的特定障礙，但近來有越來越多研究顯示發展性言語－語言障礙的兒童在非語文面向也有缺失，尤其是動作表現。因此，本文從文獻回顧的方式整理探討發展性言語－語言障礙的兒童在精細動作、粗大動作、動作協調以及整體動作等項目的表現，並試圖從發展成熟遲緩理論或是訊息處理的角度來討論言語－語言障礙與動作障礙共伴發生的可能原因，並由文獻整理相關神經組織在這個議題之中可能扮演的角色。建議未來可從神經影像學方法更深入的探討言語－語言及動作表現之間的關聯，以有助於瞭解發展性言語－語言障礙兒童在言語－語言及動作共病的機制，以有助於瞭解發展性言語－語言障礙兒童在言語－語言及動作共病的機制；臨床人員也需注意兒童是否有其他發展面向的遲緩，以把握早期轉介與早期療育的機會。

關鍵字

發展性言語－語言障礙；動作發展；共病

並列摘要

The development of speech and language depends on intact hearing, cognition, oral-motor control and adequate social interaction environment. Developmental Speech and Language Disorder (DSLD) refers to slower-than-average development in speech and language without any explainable physical, mental, emotional, or environmental reasons. Traditionally, DSLD is considered to be specific to speech and language, but increasing evidence has shown that some children with DSLD also have difficulties in non-linguistic motor tasks. A systematic review of the relevant literature confirms that children with DSLD tended to have problems in overall motor performance and in the fine motor domain. Possible explanations of the concomitant motor impairments in children with DSLD include developmental maturation lag, general information processing deficits, and abnormal neural structures common to speech/language and motor control. It is suggested that neuroimaging studies of the relationship between spcech/language performance and motor performance will help disclose the mechanism of the concomitant speech/language and motor impairments in children with DSLD. Clinicians need to be cautious for early referral and early intervention.

並列關鍵字

Developmental speech and language disorders ； Motor development ； Co-morbidity

國際替代計量

發展性言語－語言障礙兒童共伴動作缺失

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