注意力聚焦轉移對神經肌肉活動之影響

Neuromuscular Effects of Shifting the Focus of Attention on a Postural Task

李穎軒(Weng-Hin Lei) ； 黃正雅(Cheng-Ya Huang)

《物理治療》 39卷4期 (2014/12) Pp. 216-222

https://doi.org/10.6215/FJPT.PTS1409110558

摘要

背景與目的：注意力聚焦策略可分為外聚焦（聚焦於外在動作表現）與內聚焦（聚焦於自身肢體動作），目前研究多支持使用外聚焦策略會有較佳的姿勢表現。但目前關於聚焦策略對姿勢控制之影響仍無詳盡的神經生理機制探討，因此本次實驗除量測姿勢表現，同時量測下肢肌電圖與比目魚肌H反射，以探討聚焦策略對姿勢控制之神經肌肉調節機制的影響。方法：本次實驗共徵求12位健康成年受試者，請受試者站立於平衡板，分別使用內、外聚焦策略維持身體姿勢於目標角度。行為表現參數為姿勢角度誤差、角度速動方均根；電生理參數為比目魚肌與脛前肌肌電圖活動方均根、比目魚肌H反射。結果：使用外聚焦策略有較低的角度誤差、較大的速動方均根，且有較低的比目魚肌肌電方均根與較高的H反射。結論：本研究發現使用外聚焦策略有較佳的姿勢控制與調整，且神經系統可更有效率的控制動作。未來可針對老年人或神經疾病患者作相關的聚焦策略研究，提供如何使用正確的聚焦策略指令，達到促進平衡訓練之成效。

關鍵字

注意力聚焦 ； 姿勢控制 ； 神經肌肉活動

並列摘要

Background and Purpose: The effects of attentional focus on postural performance have become one of the major fields in motor control research. Postural stability is better by using external focus (attention is paid to the movement effect on an apparatus) than internal focus (attention is paid to body movement itself). However, the information is void on the neuromuscular mechanisms of attentional focus effect. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect for attentional focus on postural control with postural error, postural jerk square mean (JSM) and electrophysiology (EMG and H-reflex) measurements. Methods: Twelve healthy young adults were recruited in this study. Participants maintained balance on a stabilometer with internal focus (focusing on ankle movement) or external focus (focusing on stabilometermovement) strategy. Postural error, postural jerk square mean, soleus and tibialis anterior EMG, and soleus H-reflex were measured. Results: Using external focus strategy resulted in less postural error and higher JSM. In electrophysiology parameter, EMG activity of the soleus muscle was lower with external focus than with internal focus. In addition, soleus H-reflex was higher under external focus condition. Conclusions: With external focus strategy, postural error was reduced with decreased EMG activity and increased reflex-control of ankle strategy. This suggests that an external focus of attention enhances movement economy. The effects of attentional focus on a postural task could be investigated on older adults or patients with neurological disease in further studies for providing more proper control strategy in balance training.

並列關鍵字

Attentional focus ； Postural control ； Neuromuscular activity