考試期間之部分睡眠剝奪對臺灣大學生認知與生理功能的影響

Influence of Cognitive and Physiological Function by Partial Sleep Deprivation During Examination Period in University Students in Taiwan

李瑋寧(Woei-Ning Li) ； 葉忠穎(Jhong-Ying Yeh) ； 簡盟月(Meng-Yueh Chien)

《物理治療》 45卷2期 (2020/06) Pp. 75-86

https://doi.org/10.6215/FJPT.202006_45(2).0002

摘要

背景和目的：部分睡眠剝奪是現今臺灣大學生常見的問題，本研究目的為探討考試期間造成之部分睡眠剝奪對大學生在認知與生理功能的變化情形。方法：本研究邀請年滿20歲之健康大學生參與，測量方式包括：利用腕錶型活動記錄儀測量睡眠參數（睡眠效率、睡眠時間等）和身體活動量；以心跳變異分析儀檢測心跳變異率；認知功能表現評估採用史楚普測試以及N-返回測試；另以手握力計評估慣用手最大握力。所有檢測分別在平日及期中／期末考試結束後進行測量。結果：共計16位受試者（平均年齡21.06±0.97歲）的資料進行分析。相較於平日睡眠時間（331.80±43.08分鐘），期中／期末週的平均睡眠時間顯著降為234.97±52.73分鐘（p＜0.05）。受試者整體經過部分睡眠剝奪後其日間身體活動量及心跳變異率與平日並無顯著差異（p＞0.05）；但執行功能相關之史楚普效應題組反應則有顯著下降（p＜0.05）。結論：大學生在歷經期中／期末考期間造成的部分睡眠剝奪後，雖然對生理功能並無顯著影響，但會降低認知功能中執行功能的表現。本研究初探臺灣大專學生睡眠狀態及可能影響學生學習成果的原因，做為日後改善大學生睡眠健康的基礎。

關鍵字

睡眠剝奪 ； 大專生 ； 生理功能 ； 認知功能

並列摘要

Background and purpose: Partial sleep deprivation is a common problem among current university students in Taiwan. The aim of the study was to investigate whether partial sleep deprivation during examination period would affect the cognitive performance and physiological function or not in university students in Taiwan. Methods: Healthy university students aged over 20 years old were invited to this study. Physiological parameters, including physical activity, heart rate variability (HRV), dominant hand grip strength, and cognitive performance parameters were assessed on both ordinary days and the last day of midterm/final examination. Results: Total 16 participants completed all research process (mean age: 21.06 ± 0.97 years old). All participants experienced consecutive 5 days partial sleep deprivation during examination period. Significant total sleep time decreased was observed during examination period 234.97 ± 52.73 minutes (p ＜ 0.05) compared to ordinary days. Moreover, significant difference also presented in Stroop effect tasks during examination period (p ＜ 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between daily physical activity and heart rate variability (p ＞ 0.05). Conclusion: Partial sleep deprivation may have no effects on physiological function, but may influence cognitive performance, especially executive function. Our study investigated sleep condition and factors which might affected learning outcomes in university students in Taiwan. Future studies should pay much attention to the importance of sleep health in university students.

並列關鍵字

Sleep deprivation ； University students ； Physiological function ； Cognitive function