環境溫度與水分攝取對柔道選手心肺適能指數之影響

三分鐘登階測驗為目前廣泛用於評估心肺耐力的方法。然而，此測驗方法是否受到環境溫度與受試者水分攝取狀態對於評估心肺適能指數上有所影響，目前並不清楚。柔道選手經常需要利用增加水分流失或減少水分攝取的方式進行體重控制，因此本研究目的欲觀察柔道選手在不同環境溫度與有無水分攝取狀態下對其三分鐘登階測驗後之心肺適能指數與壓力反應的影響。12位大學男性柔道選手（年齡：19.5±0.3歲，體重：73.3±2.5公斤）參與本研究。所有受試者會依下列四種處理（treatment）方式進行測驗，分別為20℃無攝取水分（LT）、32℃無攝取水分（HT）、20℃正常攝取水分（LT-drink）及32℃正常攝取水分（HT-drink)，四種不同處理情況下均進行每分鐘96拍之三分鐘登階測驗，並觀察登階後立即、恢復第1'30秒，2'30秒及3'30秒之心跳次數，同時觀察登階測驗後血乳酸與可體松(cortisol)濃度之變化。本研究結果：三分鐘登階測驗後，四種處理條件下之血乳酸值皆明顯增加，但LT-drink之血乳酸值明顯低於HT-drink。在心肺適能指數部分，LT-drink明顯高於HT-drink與HT。四種處理方式下之可體松濃度無論是在登階測驗前或後皆無明顯差異。本研究結論：本研究發現，在較低溫的環境下實施登階測驗能加速心跳的恢復率，建議未來在推廣三分鐘登階測驗時，應把環境溫度列入考慮，使得在評估心肺適能上有更精準的效果。

關鍵字

哈佛登階測驗；運動強度；脫水

並列摘要

The 3-min step test is the popularly used method to evaluate cardiopulmonary fitness, however, whether this method could be affected by ambient temperature and water intake is unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of ambient temperature and water intake on cardiopulmonary fitness and stress response after 3-min step test in college male Judo athlete. Twelve (12) college Judo athletes (aged 19.5±0.3 year, body weight 73.3±2.5 kg) were recruited for this study. All Subjects performed 3-min step test (96 steps/min) following four treatments including, without water intake at 20℃(LT) and 32℃ (HT), and with water intake at 20℃ (LT-drink) and 32℃ (HT-drink). The heart rate data and blood sample were collected immediately and during recovery (1min 30s, 2min 30s, and 3min 30s) after 3-min step test for evaluating the cardiopulmonary fitness, blood lactate and cortisol levels. The lactate level was significantly increased in all treatments after 3-min step test, but the lactate level of LT-drink treatment was significantly lowered than HT-drink treatment. Athletes with LT-drink treatment exhibited higher cardiopulmonary fitness index than in HT-drink and HT treatments following 3-min step test. The level of cortisol in all treatments was not significantly altered after 3-min step test. The current study showed that athletes perform 3-min step test at lower ambient temperature could accelerate the recovery of heart rate. This data suggests that environmental condition, such as temperature is a considerable factor to estimate the cardiopulmonary fitness in Judo athletes.

並列關鍵字

Harvard step test ； exercise intensity ； dehydration

參考文獻

林正常(1995)。運動生理學實驗指引。臺北市:師大書苑。

Google Scholar

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