運動員最常誤用禁藥之情形

本研究目的為了解臺灣優秀選手藥物使用的情形。研究調查180位參加全國運動會並接受運動禁藥抽驗的選手，了解其比賽前14天使用西藥與中藥的情形。西藥種類包括：止痛消炎藥、胃藥、感冒藥、催經藥及抗生素。中藥種類包括：傷藥、肝藥及未知藥物。統計分析包括描述性統計及卡方分析。結果顯示：選手使用藥物的比率為31.7%，中藥(l1.7%)與西藥(21.7%)的使用率並無差異。藥物使用率不受性別差異及運動項目的影響。西藥部分使用率最高的藥物為止痛消炎類，中藥部分則是傷藥類。舉重／健美項目的選手在使用止痛消炎類、胃藥及肌肉鬆弛劑顯著高於其他運動項目。而本次賽會中檢驗出有5位選手服用pseudoephedrine（偽麻黃鹼）。從本研究結果得知運動員誤用藥物的情形仍然存在。與早期國內研究（47.2-57.9%藥物使用率）相較之下可發現優秀選手在藥物使用率上有下降的趨勢。選手在使用pseudoephedrine應更加謹慎。

關鍵字

中藥；西藥；運動禁藥

並列摘要

This study was aimed to understand the use of medication among elite athletes in Taiwan. For this investigation, we surveyed 180 athletes, who were selected for doping control at National Athletic Games in Taiwan. The athletes were asked to declare their use of medicine (either western or Chinese medicine) 14 days prior to the games. The types of western medicine included: analgesics, gastrointestinal agents, cough and cold preparations, contraceptives, muscle relaxants and antibiotics. The types of Chinese medicine included: hurt agents, liver agents, and some other unknown. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics and chi-square test. The results indicated that 31.7% of the athletes used medication. Nevertheless, no significant difference was found between the consumption of Chinese medicine (11.7%) and western medicine (21.7%). The usage rate of medication showed no differences between genders, and among types of sports. Analgesics and hurt agents were most frequently used in western and Chinese medicine, respectively. Weight lifters and body-building athletes used gastrointestinal agents and muscle relaxants significantly more than other athletes. Positive results of pseudoephedrine were found in five athletes. In conclusion, the result demonstrates that drug misusage is still occurrence in Taiwan athletes. The usage rate of medication in this study was lower than previous surveys (47.2-57.9%). This study suggests that athletes must be careful about the utilization of pseudoephedrine.