教練內外控特質與選手目標取向對教練領導行為的預測

本研究目的在探討教練內外控人格特質與選手目標取向對選手知覺教練領導行為的預測。研究對象為大專院校運動教練25人及甲組選手444人。所用的研究工具為：內外控人格特質量表、目標取向量表、教練領導行為量表。所得資料以對偶的方式建檔，並以獨立樣本t考驗、皮爾遜積差相關和多元階層迴歸分析進行統計考驗。結果發現：一、選手在面對內控人格特質的教練時，知覺到教練的領導行為有較高的得分。二、高工作取向的選手較低工作取向的選手知覺到的教練領導行為有較高的得分。三、低自我取向的選手在面對不同人格特質的教練時的適應性不佳。因此，本研究建議教練應盡量提升選手的工作取向，以使其對教練的領導行為有正向的知覺。本研究結論認為不論高工作取向或低工作取向的選手，在面對內控傾向的教練時均有較高的知覺教練領導行為，而面對外控傾向的教練時則有較低的知覺教練領導行為。

關鍵字

內控特質；外控特質；工作取向；自我取向；交互作用

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to explore the prediction of coach's locus of control and player's goal orientation to players' perceived coach's leadership behavior. In this study, total twenty five college coaches and four hundred-forty four college division-A players were recruited. The research items were Locus of Control Scale, Goal Orientation Scale, and Coach Leadership Behavior Inventory. The collected data were entered by dual manner, and analyzed by independent t-test, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple hierarchical regression analyses. The results were as follows: (1) When the coach had more internal locus of control, the players would perceive higher scores of coach’s leadership behavior. (2) The players with high task orientation would perceive higher scores of coach's leadership behavior than those of the players with low task orientation. (3) When the players faced the coach with different locus of control, the players with low ego orientation would not have good adaptation. Therefore, the study suggested that the coach should promote the players' task orientation, and then the players would have positive perception of coach's leadership behavior. Whether high or low task orientation players, when they faced the coach with internal locus of control would perceive higher coach's leadership behavior, and perceived lower coach's leadership behavior when they faced the coach with external locus of control.