社會關係、社會回饋對青少年身體滿意、身體自尊及運動行為的影響

Influences of Social Relationship and Social Feedback on Body Satisfaction, Body Esteem and Exercise Behavior for Adolescents

陳美華(Mei-Hwa Chen)

《大專體育學刊》 14卷3期 (2012/09) Pp. 337-348

https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.1403.007

摘要

本研究目的主要以縱貫研究方法，探討青少年社會關係（父、母親、同儕）及社會回饋（父、母親、同儕）對身體滿意、身體自尊與運動行為的影響。以臺中及彰化地區國中、高中生共717名（男生335名、女生382名）為施測對象。第一階段施測社會關係、社會回饋與運動行為；第二階段施測身體滿意、身體自尊與運動行為。以二因子變異數分析、結構方程模式、同時迴歸處理資料，結果發現：一、在母親關係及同儕關係兩個變項上，女生高於男生；父親回饋、身體滿意、身體自尊及前後測的運動行為，男生皆高於女生；高中生女生在母親回饋上，顯著高於國中生；國中男生的母親回饋顯著高於女生。二、本研究所假設之因果模式，在全體、男生、女生的樣本中皆得到良好的適配。三、父親關係顯著預測男生的身體滿意。根據結果，本研究結論發現人際互動、運動行為在青少年身體自我知覺（身體滿意、身體自尊）重要的影響，另一方面，也發現在變項的路徑關係上，男生、女生是有差異的，性別可說是一個的調節變項。

關鍵字

社會壓力 ； 調節變項 ； 性別差異

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of social relationship (with parents and peers) and social feedback about appearance (from parents and peers) on body satisfaction, body self-esteem and exercise behavior for Taiwanese adolescents. Both boys (n=335) and girls (n=382) from junior and senior high schools in Taichung and Changhua cities participated and completed two times assessment. As first assessment, participants completed social relationship, social feedback and exercise behavior measurements, then completed body satisfaction, body esteem and exercise behavior measurements as second time. Two-way ANOVA (independent), SEM and regression methods were used to analyze the data. The results were indicated as follows: 1. Girls scored higher than boys in relationship with mother and peer, whereas boys scored higher than girls for feedback from father, body satisfaction and body self-esteem at both time 1 time 2 sport behaviors. High school girls scored higher than junior high school girls for feedback from mother, while boys scored higher than girls for mother's feedback in junior high school. 2. This study hypothesis models had good fit indices for overall male and female participants. 3. The relationship with father significantly predicted the body satisfaction of male adolescents. The study concluded that interpersonal interaction and exercise behavior showed prominent influence on adolescents body self perception (body satisfaction, body esteem). The differences between male and female on the path relation of variables were noticed. Furthermore, gender could be a moderate variable.

並列關鍵字

social pressure ； moderated variable ； gender difference

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