受傷運動員的社會支持與競賽壓力：復健自我效能與受傷程度的角色

社會支持被認為有助於受傷運動員的復健過程，但是它與受傷期間的競賽壓力知覺之關係，以及其間機制則較少被討論。本研究目的是探討受傷運動員的社會支持與競賽壓力之關係，並檢視復健自我效能在其間關係的中介效果及受傷程度對社會支持和復健自我效能的調節效果。參與者為196位目前身上有受傷的大學運動員（男生116人、女生80人，平均年齡20.03歲），以問卷方式收集其受傷狀況、受傷期間獲得的社會支持、對復健課程的自我效能和競賽壓力等資料。研究結果顯示：社會支持與受傷運動員的教練關係壓力和適應訓練壓力呈現負相關，受傷期間的求助對象依序為家人、朋友、防護員、教練。當受傷運動員知覺到較多社會支持時，復健自我效能會提高，而運動傷害和適應訓練競賽的壓力會降低，復健自我效能扮演著中介角色。自覺受傷程度或是受傷天數，則無法調節社會支持與復健自我效能之間的關係。本研究結論認為社會支持對受傷運動員競賽相關的生活壓力會有舒緩的效果，而復健自我效能能夠解釋其間的機制。

關鍵字

中介效果；調節效果；中介角色；生活壓力

並列摘要

Social support has been shown to contribute to the rehabilitation process of injured athletes, but its relationship with perceived competitive stress during injury and the underlying mechanisms involved are less discussed. This study investigated three related issues: the relationship between social support and competitive stress in injured athletes, the mediating effect of rehabilitation self-efficacy on this relationship, and finally the moderating effect of injury severity on the relationship between social support and rehabilitation self-efficacy. Participants were 196 injured college athletes (116 males and 80 females, mean age = 20.03 years). Questionnaires were employed to collect data on injury status, social support gained during the recovery process, self-efficacy toward rehabilitation programs, and the perception of competitive stress. Results indicated that: Social support negatively correlates with the coach relationship stress and training adaptation stress of injured athletes. In our data, family, friends, athletic trainers, and coaches were the sources of support during the injury period. When injured athletes perceive greater social support, their rehabilitation self-efficacy increases and the perception of stress from sports injury and training adaptation decreases. Therefore, self-efficacy could play a mediating role in the relationship between social support and competitive stress. The perceived injury severity and duration of injury in days did not moderate the relationship between social support and self-efficacy. In conclusion, the findings reveal that social support can alleviate competition-related life stress in injured athletes, and rehabilitation self-efficacy can explain the mechanism.

並列關鍵字

mediation effect ； moderation effect ； mediating role ； life stress

參考文獻

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