經口氣管插管於口咽及吞嚥功能的影響

Oropharyngeal and Swallowing Functions after Prolonged Oral Endotracheal Intubation

蔡旻璇(Min-Hsuan Tsai) ； 吳國湘(Kuo-Hsiang Wu) ； 蘇涵(Han Su) ； 陳佳慧(Cheryl Chia-Hui Chen)

《重症醫學雜誌》 13卷4期 (2012/07) Pp. 185-189

https://doi.org/10.30035/TCCM.201207.0003

摘要

醫療技術發展迅速，越來越多病患接受侵入性經口氣管插管治療，一旦插管日數延長，病患於口腔及咽喉處多見各種損傷，其不僅傷害說話及發聲功能，於進食吞嚥上也造成莫大的影響。因此本文統整延長（≧48 hours）氣管插管病患於口咽及吞嚥功能的七大影響，包含口腔黏膜乾燥、舌肥大及口腔體感覺異常、咽喉損傷、口咽肌肉無力及關節僵硬、呼吸道保護機制不足、呼吸及吞嚥不協調、吞嚥功能惡化等，期能增加臨床醫護人員對氣管插管損傷的認識，方能早期發現並早期治療。

關鍵字

經口氣管插管 ； 口咽 ； 吞嚥功能

並列摘要

Oropharyngeal and swallowing functions often compromised after oral endotracheal intubation. Because oral intake is an important component of patient recovery after critical illness, the aim of this paper was to briefly review the impacts of prolonged endotracheal intubation on oropharyngeal and swallowing functions. Effects on dry mouth, impaired somatosensory functions, laryngeal injury, orofacial muscle weakness and temporomandibular joint disorder, impaired airway protection, impaired coordination of breathing and swallowing, and altered swallowing function are presented. In keeping with previous research, we defined prolonged endotrachel intubation as 48 hours and longer. We hope by increasing the awareness among professionals, early detection and timely intervention could be taken to manage oropharyngeal and swallowing functions for patients with prolonged endotrachel intubation.

並列關鍵字

Oral endotracheal intubation ； Oropharyngeal ； Swallowing function