- 期刊
紅麴粉末產品對高血脂倉鼠降血脂之研究
Study on Hypolipidemic Effects of Monascus Powder in a Hamster Model of Hyperlipidemia
摘要
紅麴是中國傳統幾千年來的食品發酵菌種，無論是飲食或色素之應用均極頻繁。紅麴次級代謝物monacolin K可抑制膽固醇合成過程中關鍵酵素HMG-CoA reductase的活性，而達到降低膽固醇的效果。本研究以倉鼠作為試驗動物，並以味全股份有限公司生技中心所提供之紅麴產品進行體內動物試驗，評估對於血液中之總膽固醇、三酸甘油酯、高密度脂蛋白膽固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C)與低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C)的影響。研究結果顯示，本研究所使用之紅麴產品確實具有降低血液中總膽固醇、三酸甘油酯與低密度脂蛋白瞻固醇的效果。其中餵食一倍劑量之紅麴試驗組（HChol-M1組）於第四週與第八週時總膽固醇濃度分別較餵食高膽固醇飲食組顯著降低390%與21.4%，三酸甘油酯也可顯著下降25.8%與38.3%；而LDL-C的降低效果可達45.3%與21.6%，亦具有顯著性；另試驗組之HDL-C的含量均無顯著下降，且LDL-C濃度亦有明顯下降，紅麴粉末試驗組的LDL-C/HDL-C的比值與高膽固醇飲食對照組（HChol組）比較皆具有顯著下降。紅麴產品對於肝臟中總膽固醇與三酸甘油酯的濃度亦有明顯降低效果。此外，因紅麴中的另一次級代謝物-citrinin為肝腎毒素，使紅麴產品的安全性受到質疑，故本研究亦對試驗動物進行肝指數分析，包含血液中GOT(glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase)與GPT(glutamic-pyruvic transaminase)的分析，並進行肝組織切片檢查，以瞭解紅麴產品的安全性。研究結果顯示，紅麴試驗組動物的GOT與GPT的濃度並無顯著提高，另肝臟切片經病理檢查結果試驗組與對照組並無差異，此結果說明本研究所採用之紅麴產品並不會造成肝臟的危害。
並列摘要
Monascus species are a Chinese traditional fermentation fungus used on food for over thousands of years in China. Monacolin K, secondary metabolite of Monascus, was proven could be used as antihypercholesterolemic agent. This research focuses on the effect of the addition of Monascus powder of Wei-Chuan Foods Corporation to hamster diet on cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in serum. In the result, Monascus powder diet was proven could decrease cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL-C in serum. The cholesterol level in serum by 1 X Monascus experimental group (HChol-M1 group) on four weeks and eight weeks would significantly lower 39.0% and 21.4% than that of high cholesterol group (HChol group). The triglyceride (25.8% and 38.3%) and LDL-C level (25.8% and 38.3%) were also significantly lowered in 1X Monascus experimental group (HChol-M1 group) on four weeks and eight weeks. Because HDL-C level was not decreased and LDL-C level was significantly lowered, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio of Monascus experimental groups would significantly lower than that of high cholesterol group (HChol group). However, the cholesterol and triglyceride level in liver would significantly decrease in Monascus experimental groups. Since citrinin was a mycotoxin and possessed nephrotoxic and hepatoxic effect, it had negative impact on the safety of red mold rice by people. This study would examine liver somatic index (GOT and GPT level in serum) and liver biopsy in order to investigate the liver damage by Monascus powder. In these results, GOT and GPT level in serum by Monascus experimental group were not significantly increased. There was no difference in the results of liver biopsy between monascus experimental groups and control group. Therefore, Monascus powder in this study would not cause liver damage.