數種植物材料之親醣蛋白活性檢測

Detection of Lectin-like Substances in Selected Plant Materials

王騰旭(Teng-Hsu Wang) ； 陳似蘭(Szu-Lan Chen) ； 李敏雄(Min-Hsiung Lee) ； 蘇南維(Nan-Wei Su)

《臺灣農業化學與食品科學》 46卷1期 (2008/02) Pp. 14-21

https://doi.org/10.6578/TJACFS.2008.003

摘要

植物中廣泛存在的親醣蛋白lectins（或稱為血液凝集素）過去被認為是影響養份吸收的“抗營養物質(anti-nutrient)”，然而近年來的研究卻認為這些可與細胞表面特定醣類結構結合的蛋白質，能夠引起對腫瘤細胞的毒殺作用或抑制其生長，顯示其可能作為對抗惡性腫瘤工具的潛力。本研究利用lectin可以專一辨識不同醣類結構的特性，以聚丙烯醯胺結合不同單醣作為篩選lectin的工具，再以酵素聯結親合分析法(enzyme-linded adsorbant assay)對29種植物材料進行篩選，並以1μm/mL concanavalin A (Con A)、wheat germ agglutinin (WGA)、soybean agglutinin(SBA)及10μm/mL Ulex europaeus agglutinin (UEA Ⅰ)作為對照組進行試驗。試驗結果顯示，龍眼籽(Lon gan Seeds)，粗萃取液顯示顯著的mannose及GlcNAc結合活性；木瓜籽(Papaya seeds)與蕎麥(Buckwheat)粗萃取液中則有顯著的GalNAc及fucose結合活性，而高粱(Sorghum)、苜宿(Alfalfa)與金煌芒果籽(Mango, JinHwang)粗萃取液中則具有對四種醣基於能專一性結合的物質。顯示本試驗方法可自部分常見食材或水果種子中篩選出過去未發現的lectin物質，值得進行進一步的分離純化及其生理應用的探討。

關鍵字

親醣蛋白 ； 凝集素 ； 單醣 ； 檢測 ； 酵素聯結親合分析

並列摘要

Lectins, also known as hemagglutinins, were prevalently found in plants and were long been regarded as 'antinutrients' for their adverse effects of nutrient absorptions on animals or human. However, recent progresses suggest some lectins which could bind to specific carbohydrates structures on cell membranes also possessed cytotoxic or cytostatic effects toward various tumor cell lines. The potential roles of lectin as antitumor agents were extensively proposed nowadays. In this study, a sugar based enzyme-linked adsorbent assay was established by using four monosaccharide conjugated polymers as capture agents, including α-D mannose (Man), β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc), α-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc), and α-L-fucose (Fuc), for the rapid screening of lectin-like substances to a variety of plant materials. Four standard lectins, concanavalin A (Con A), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), Ulex europaeus agglutinin Ⅰ (UEA Ⅰ) and soybean agglutinin (SEA), were employed as the comparative lectins. Among the tested samples, the extracts from longan seeds showed significant Man and GlcNAc binding activities in crude extracts. The extracts from papaya seeds and buckwheat both exhibited notable GalNAc and Fuc binding activities. Moreover, crude extracts of sorghum, alfalfa and mango (JinHwang) all revealed noteworthy binding activities specific to all four sugars tested. The results suggest that some carbohydrate binding proteins might still be left undiscovered in various plant materials and should be worth of re-evaluation via the novel detection methods of this work.

並列關鍵字

Lectin ； Hemagglutinins ； Monosaccharide ； Detection ； Enzyme linked adsorbent assay