人工林疏伐強度對土壤酵素活性及土壤功能多樣性之影響

Effects of Thinning Intensity of Plantation Forest on Soil Enzyme Activities and Soil Functional Diversity

鍾孟妤(Meng-Yu Chung) ； 賴朝明(Chao-Ming Lai) ； 柯光瑞(Guang-Ruei Ke) ； 汪碧涵(Pi-Han Wang) ； 王明光(Ming-Kuang Wang)

《臺灣農業化學與食品科學》 51卷4&5&6期 (2013/08) Pp. 216-222

https://doi.org/10.6578/TJACFS.2013.025

摘要

本研究目的為探究南投縣人倫林道人工林不同疏伐強度對土壤酵素活性及土壤功能多樣性之影響。採取三種疏伐強度（0%、25%、50%）處理各四重複樣區之表層及底層土壤，分析其與碳、氮、磷、硫循環及微生物活性有關的土壤酵素活性及其土壤物理、化學及其他生物性質，並依分析所得之五種土壤酵素活性計算其土壤功能多樣性指數。結果顯示：一、表層土壤纖維素酶活性在25%疏伐強度處理顯著高於其他處理，β-胺基葡萄醣苷酶、酸性磷酸酯酶、芳香基硫酸酯酶及去氫酶活性在25%及50%疏伐強度處理皆顯著高於控制組；底層土壤纖維素酶及去氫酶活性在三種疏伐強度間並無顯著差異，β-胺基葡萄醣苷酶及芳香基硫酸酯酶活性在25%及50%疏伐強度處理皆顯著高於控制組，而酸性磷酸酯酶活性在50%疏伐強度處理顯著高於控制組。二、表層土壤功能多樣性在50%疏伐強度及控制組處理皆顯著高於25%處理；底層土壤功能多樣性在50%疏伐強度處理顯著高於25%處理及控制組。三、疏伐強度與土壤β-胺基葡萄糖苷酶、酸性磷酸酯酶、芳香基硫酸酯酶活性、有機質、全氮、有效性磷及土壤水分間皆呈顯著正相關。四、綜合以上之結果，並考量林業之生物多樣性保育及永續經營，本試驗林之人工林疏伐強度處理之優先次序建議為50% > 25% > 0%。

關鍵字

人工林 ； 疏伐 ； 土壤性質 ； 土壤酵素 ； 土壤功能多樣性

並列摘要

The objectives of this study were to examine the effects of thinning intensities on soil enzyme activities and soil functional diversity in Renlun plantation forest. Surface and subsurface soil samples were taken from three thinning treatments including control (0%), 25% and 50% thinning intensities, each with 4 replicates. Soil enzyme activities were measured and subsequently soil functional diversity indexes were calculated. Soil physical, chemical and other biological properties were also determined. The results of this study can be summarized as the following: 1. The cellulase activity of surface soil was significantly higher in 25% thinning intensity than in other treatments, and the β-glucosaminidase, acid phosphatase, arylsulfatase and dehydrogenase activities of surface soil were significantly higher in 25% and 50% thinning intensities than in control. The cellulase and dehydrogenase activities of subsurface soil were not significantly different among the treatments. The β-glucosaminidase and arylsulfatase activities of subsurface soil were significantly higher in 25% and 50% thinning intensities than in control, and the acid phosphatase activity of subsurface soil was significantly higher in 50% thinning intensity than in control. 2. The soil functional diversity index of surface soil was significantly higher in 50% and control than in 25% thinning intensity, and the soil functional diversity index of subsurface soil was significantly higher in 50% thinning intensity than in other treatments. 3. The results of simple correlation analysis indicated that soil β-glucosaminidase, acid phosphatase, arylsulfatase, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphate and soil moisture were significantly positively correlated with thinning intensity. 4. In conclusion, considering the above results and the biodiversity and sustainability of forestry, we suggest that the recommended priority of thinning intensity treatments for plantation forest is: 50% > 25% > 0%.

並列關鍵字

Plantation forest ； Thinning ； Soil properties ； Soil enzyme ； Soil functional diversity