Viability of Biochar on Reducing C Mineralization and Improving Nutrients Status in a Compost-Treated Oxisols

在堆肥處理的氧化土中生物炭對減少碳的礦化和改善營養狀況的可行性

蔡呈奇(Chen-Chi Tsai) ； 張瑀芳(Yu-Fang Chang)

《臺灣農業化學與食品科學》 54卷2期 (2016/04) Pp. 74-89

https://doi.org/10.6578/TJACFS.2016.009

摘要

In this study, we evaluated the in vitro C mineralization kinetics of a swine manure compost-treated Oxisols’ topsoil following the addition of various amounts of biochar. We hypothesized that biochar stabilizes compost organic matter and reduces C mineralization, and further improves the nutrient status of the studied Oxisols. Top soil of Oxisols was incubated at 25°C with 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0% (w/w) biochar, and each treatment has added 5% swine manure compost. Carbon mineralization was then analyzed by measuring the alkali absorption of CO_2 released at regular intervals over a 434-d observation period. Our study results indicated that when adding compost to soils, applying a high amount of biochar stabilized and prevented the rapid mineralization of swine manure compost. For improving soil nutrient availability, adding biochar generally increased the levels of plant macronutrients and reduced the concentrations of micronutrients. In our studied soils, the addition of 1% biochar was the most appropriate treatment amount for compost stabilization in Oxisols.

關鍵字

Biochar ； C mineralization ； Oxisols ； Nutrient availability

並列摘要

本研究利用土壤孵育的方式，探討已添加豬糞堆肥之氧化物土表土中，添加不同比例的生物炭之後土壤碳礦化動力學的變化。研究假設添加生物炭於已添加堆肥的土壤中有助於穩定堆肥的有機物質，以及減少土壤碳礦化作用，更進一步有助於改善氧化物土的營養狀況。添加不同比例生物炭(0%, 0.5%, 1.0%與2.0%，重量比)於氧化物表土中，置於25℃的室內進行孵育，每一種處理另外添加5%的豬糞堆肥；在434天的孵育期間，土壤碳礦化作用是定期量測利用鹼液吸收土壤所釋放出來的CO_2含量。本研究結果指出：在已添加堆肥的土壤中，添加較高量的生物炭有助於穩定豬糞堆肥與避免堆肥快速的礦化；在改善土壤養分有效性方面，添加生物炭普遍增加植物巨量元素的含量，減少微量元素的濃度。在本研究的土讓中，1%的生物炭添加量是最適當的添加比例，有助於穩定添加在氧化物土中的堆肥。

並列關鍵字

生物炭 ； 碳礦化作用 ； 氧化物土 ； 養分有效性