國語母音／i／、／a／、／u／基本頻率、發聲強度與發聲穩定度之聲學研究

Fundamental Frequency, Intensity, and Stability of Mandarin Vowels /i/, /a/, /u/: An Acoustic Study

黃惠慈(Hui-Tsu Huang) ； 王仲祺(Chen-Chi Wang) ； 郭令育(Hugo Ling-Yu Guo)

《中華民國聽力語言學會雜誌》 17期 (2002/11) Pp. 31-44

https://doi.org/10.6143/JSLHAT.2002.11.03

摘要

本研究針對正常聲音之男性33位、女性30位，連續發三個不同舌面前後高低之母音／i／、／a／、／u／，分析其基本頻率、發聲強度、週期間頻率與振幅變動率、諧音與噪音比值與第一與第二諧音能量差等聲學參數。結果顯示高母音／i／和／u／之基頻與發聲強度高於低母音／a／。在發聲的變動率上，／i／的頻率與振幅變動率均較低，而諧音與噪音比值，則是／u／表現較佳。針對以上結果，本文認為／a／較適合用於檢測音聲異常，而／i／和／u／則較適合做為嗓音異常治療的練習字。

關鍵字

嗓音 ； 音聲異常 ； 國語母音 ； 聲學分析 ； 音質

並列摘要

Fundamental frequency, intensity, and parameters of stability of Mandarin vowels─/i/, /u/ and /a/─were investigated through acoustic analysis. The results showed that the high vowels /i/ and /u/ were produced with higher fundamental frequency and intensity than the low vowel /a/. In terms of perturbation, /i/ was performed with lower jitter and shimmer values than /u/ and /a/. In terms of harmonics, /i/ and /u/ were produced with higher harmonic-to-noise ratio and Hl-H2 values than /a/ was.
Based on the results, this study suggests that the low vowel /a/ should be used for voice evaluation since /a/ is generally produced with lower fundamental frequency and intensity and consequently more sensitive to phonatory instability than the high vowels are. Furthermore, /i/ and /u/ should be adopted as practice vowels in the course of voice therapy since they are phonated with higher stability and stronger harmonics than the low vowel /a/.

並列關鍵字

voice ； voice disorders ； Mandarin vowel ； acoustic ； voice quality

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