國小特教班學生溝通輔具需求與現況之調查研究

本研究旨在運用問卷調查法探討台灣公立國小集中式特教班學生之溝通輔具需求與現況，內容包括溝通需求、溝通輔具使用現況與環境中對溝通輔具支持程度等三個向度；並運用獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析（one-way ANOVA）、Pearson相關係數以分析背景變項與三向度之差異性與相關性。本研究樣本共277位國小特教班學生，並請每一位學生之班級專任教師填寫「溝通需求與輔具現況調查問卷」，最後得到研究結果如下：（一）學生的溝通目的以實現自我需求之表達為多；（二）學生使用溝通輔具以「個人」層面得分最高；（三）在環境中以「與教師相關」支持程度最高；（四）不同類別程度之學生在溝通需求之「實現需求」、「交換資訊」上有顯著差異；（五）不同教育階段之學生在溝通需求之「實現禮節」上有顯著差異；（六）不同類別程度之學生在溝通輔具使用現況之「個人」、「環境」、「科技」層面上有顯著差異；（七）不同教育階段之學生在溝通輔具使用現況之「個人」層面上有顯著差異；（八）國小特教班學生之溝通需求與使用溝通輔具現況呈現中度相關；（九）國小特教班學生使用溝通輔具現況與環境支持程度呈現低度相關；（十）國小特教班學生之溝通需求與環境支持程度呈現低度相關。

關鍵字

溝通輔具；溝通需求；集中式特教班；輔助溝通系統

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were to survey the current needs and situations of communication aids for students in special education classes of elementary schools in Taiwan by questionnaire. The Scale was divided into three parts as ＂Communicative Needs,＂＂Condition for Using Communication Aids＂ and ＂Support Degree in Environment.＂ The data was tested and analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson's product-moment correlation to compare the variability and correlation of different background and three parts in scale. The participants for the study consisted of 277 students in special education classes of elementary schools. The study was conducted by administering the instrument ＂The Scale of Communicative Needs and Technology Condition.＂ The findings of this research were as follows: 1. Students had higher communicative expression in ＂Express Needs and Wants.＂ 2. For using communication aids, students had the highest scores in ＂Personal Dimension.＂ 3. For the support degree in Environment, the scores of ＂Teacher-related＂ were the highest. 4. Different disabled degrees had significant difference both in ＂Express Needs and Wants＂ and ＂Exchange Information.＂ 5. Different Grades had significant difference in ＂Fulfill Social Etiquette Requirements.＂ 6. For using communication aids, different disabled degrees had significant difference in ＂Personal Dimension,＂＂Environment Dimension＂ and ＂Technology Dimension.＂ 7. For using communication aids, different Grades had significant difference in ＂Personal Dimension.＂ 8. For students, the correlation between ＂Communicative Needs＂ and ＂Condition for Using Communication Aids＂ was moderate. 9. For students, the correlation between ＂Support degree in Environment＂ and ＂Condition for Using Communication Aids＂ was modest. 10. For students, the correlation between ＂Communicative Needs＂ and ＂Support Degree in Environment＂ was modest.