談元曲悲劇之達成及其補償問題－以《竇娥冤》為例

本探討主要在找出元曲《竇娥冤》悲劇之達成，及其與補償情節之間的某些因果關係，發現了元曲興起時，在主題與犧牲意義上跟西方悲劇有了差異，最分歧的部分，集中在元曲悲劇中獨有的「補償」。補償情節在當時不僅存在，且受佛、道卑俗思想影響，以致《竇娥冤》裡連鬼魂也可以接受報償，這就引起本文論及的必要與否。以西方悲劇觀來看，「惡棍正法」僅聊備一格，效果微弱，不如放棄補償，全力營造悲壯新氣象，是為本文之用意。

關鍵字

元曲補償

並列摘要

This research mainly aimed to seek out some causal relationships between the achievement of the tragedy ”The Grievance of Dou-er” of Yuan Drama and its compensation plots. It came to find that at the rising of Yuan Drama, there were differences about the theme as well as the meaning of the sacrifice with the western tragedies. The most different part was focused on the exclusivity of the ”compensation” of the tragedies of Yuan Drama. At that time, the compensation plots not only existed but they were also influenced by the humble and common thoughts of Buddhism and Taoism, so that even the ghost could accept the compensation in he Grievance of Dou-er and this led to the discussion of its necessity in this research. In view of the western tragedies, ”evil people deserve execution” is just spare and it brings slight effect to the ending. It'd better abandon the compensation and make the most possibility to build in a new tragically heroic epic, and that would be the intention of this essay.